不同揭膜期对南宁春植蔗生长及蔗茎产量的影响

Effects of Different Uncovering Plastic Film Periods on Growth and Cane Yield of Spring Planting Sugarcane in Nanning

为了探明覆膜甘蔗生长、产量及经济效益同步提高的最佳揭膜时期的栽培措施,本试验以桂糖03-2287甘蔗品种为材料,采用地膜覆盖栽培,设置齐苗期、分蘖末期和拔节伸长前期等3个不同生长时期揭膜处理,以不盖膜作对照,探讨不同时期揭膜对甘蔗生长及产量的影响。结果表明,比较不盖膜对照,地膜覆盖分蘖末期揭膜处理增产13.1%,差异极显著,齐苗期揭膜和拔节伸长前期揭膜分别增产6.4%和6.9%,差异显著;地膜覆盖处理间,分蘖末期揭膜比齐苗期揭膜和拔节伸长前期揭膜处理增产也达到极显著,而齐苗期揭膜与拔节伸长前期揭膜间的产量差异不显著。各处理的经济效益与蔗茎产量的高低成正相关,即分蘖末期揭膜>拔节伸长前期揭膜>齐苗期揭膜>对照。由此表明,南宁春植蔗覆膜栽培以分蘖末期揭膜增产效果较好,过早或过迟揭膜都不利于产量的进一步提高。

This work was mainly carried out to optimize the best uncovering plastic film period for sugarcane growth, yield and economic benefit in mulched sugarcane fields. This experiment had three treatments including uncovering plastic film at the neatly seeding stage, uncovering plastic film at the end of tillering stage and uncovering plastic film at the earlier elongation stage. Not uncovering plastic film as the control. GuiTang 03-2287 was selected as the experiment material. The results showed that compared to the control the production of uncovering plastic film treatment increased 13.1%, resulted in statistic significant difference level, and uncovering plastic film at the neatly seeding stage and uncovering plastic film at the earlier elongation stage treatments increased the production 6.4% and 6.9% respectively, resulted in statistic difference level. Between plastic film mulching treatments, compared to uncovering plastic film at the neatly seeding stage and uncovering plastic film at the earlier elongation stage uncovering plastic film at the end of tillering stage resulted in higher production, but sugarcane production was no different between uncovering plastic film at the neatly seeding stage treatment and uncovering plastic film at the earlier elongation stage treatment. Economic benefits of each treatment was positively correlated to cane yield. It could be concluded that uncovering plastic film at the end of tillering stage was better for sugarcane growth and cane production in Nanning, too early or too late uncovering plastic film was unfavorable to cane yield.