热环境变化影响热感觉投票及人体自适应的实验研究

Experimental Research on the Effects of Thermal Environmental Changes on the Thermal Sensation Vote and Human Thermal Adaptation

秋季和冬季在长沙某大学的实验室进行了室内热环境研究，以问卷方式调查了受试者的热感觉。结果表明，受试者从低于室内温度3～18．6℃的室外进入室内后，大多数受试者没有调整着衣量，人们热感觉投票（Thermal Sensation Vote，TSV）与预计平均热感觉指标（Predicted Mean Vote，PMV）的结果有较大的差别，TSV比PMV更接近热中性。结果还得出了热感觉与室内温度、室外温度的关系，（PMV—TSV）数值与室内温度和室内外温差有着正线性相关，以及在实验室的空调环境里，人们的自适应性仍然适用，并且自适应方式以心理调整为主。

Field tests for indoor thermal environment were carried out in a university laboratory in Changsha in autumn and winter and a questionnaire survey of thermal sensation was conducted. The survey showed that most subjects did not adjust the number of clothes when entering the room from outdoors with the temperature 3 ~C to 18.6 ~C lower than the indoor temperature. The result of human Thermal Sensation Vote is quite different from that of the Predicted Mean Vote. TSV is closer to Thermal neutral than PMV. It was also concluded the relationship between thermal sensation and indoor temperature and outdoor temperature and indicated that the value of （PMV- TSV） positively linearly correlated with the temperature difference between indoor temperature and outdoor temperature. Moreover, it showed that the people＇ s adaptation still applies to the air-conditioned environment and the psychological recovery is a Drincinallv adaptive way.