某省级电网220kV及以上输电线路故障统计与分析

Fault Statistics and Analysis of 220 kV and Above Power Transmission Line in Province-level Power Grid

针对目前已有的输电线路故障原因不明确问题,提出了输电线路故障分类方法,阐述了不同故障分类的特点。统计了2005—2014年某省级电网输电线路故障情况。并分析了该省气温与输电线路冰灾故障的关系。分析了山火跳闸风险的时间分布规律,阐述了持续干旱对输电线路山火故障的推动作用。结果表明,雷击、山火、冰灾及外力破坏是影响输电线路安全稳定运行的主要因素,冻雨持续日数是影响冰灾故障次数的关键因素;该省3—8月为输电线路受雷电活动影响较严重的月份,13:00—19:00是1 d中雷击跳闸次数最多的时间段。最后,针对自然灾害输电线路故障统计规律提出了从灾害预测、监测、评估、处置等方面加强电网防灾减灾新理论、新技术、新装备的研发应用的建议;针对非自然灾害输电线路故障统计规律提出了强化监管手段、提高风险预控能力的管理措施。

Presently, the fault cause of power transmission line is ambiguous, to solve this problem, we proposed a cate- gorization method of transmission line fault and described the characteristics of different fault categories. Then we made statistics of the fault information of one provincial power grid from 2005 to 2014 and analyzed the relationship between the temperature and the fault caused by ice damage. We also analyzed the time distribution of faults caused by wildfires and the promotion effect of continuous drought on fault of power transmission line caused by wildfire. The results show that lightning stroke, wildfires, icing, and outer forces are the key factors for affecting the safety and stability of transmis- sion lines. The fault-trip times caused by ice damage mainly depend on continuous days of freezing rain . The transmission lines are vulnerable to be affected by lightning stroke in the months from March to August and the lightning faults during the time from 1 pm to 7 pm of day are intensive. Finally, according to the law of faults caused by natural disasters, we proposed the suggestions about enhancing the research and development of new theory, new technology, and new equipment on the respect of disaster forecast, monitoring, assessment, and disposal. Based on the analysis of faults not caused by natural disasters, the measures of strengthening supervision and improving risk pre-control management were put forward.