我国城乡居民卫生保健负担回顾性分析

Retrospective Analysis of Health Care Burden among Residents in China

目的通过回顾分析我国城乡居民卫生保健负担,旨在为完善城乡居民卫生保健相关政策提供参考。方法主要采取数据分析和文献查阅等方法。结果 1978年-2013年,中国卫生总费用以平均17.55%的速度增长;个人现金卫生支出平均增速为19.27%,高于政府和社会卫生支出;个人现金卫生支出和增长率与政府卫生支出均存在反向关系;城乡居民医疗保健消费现金支出差距总体呈拉大趋势,农村居民面临"看病贵"压力更大。结论应加大政府卫生投入力度,优化支出结构,适当向农村居民倾斜,以促进健康公平。

Objective To retrospectively analyze the health care burden of urban and rural residents in China to provide ref- erence for improvement of health care policies. Method Data analysis and literature review methods were used. Result During 1978 to 2013, China total health expenditure grew by an average rate of 17.55%. The average growth rate of personal health expenditure was 19.27% , which was higher than the government and social health expenditure. Personal health expenditure and growth rate had negatively correlation with absolute value of government health expenditure. The gap between urban and rural residents in health care cash consumption showed an overall trend of widening ; and the rural residents faced greater pressure of expensive medication. Conclusion The govemment should increase health investment, optimize the expenditure structure, providing privilege for rural residents, so as to promote the equitable health.