黄芪甲苷对实验性糖尿病大鼠降糖、调脂和抗氧化作用的研究

Study of Astragalosides on antihyperglycemia,regulating plasma lipid and improving antioxidant ability in experimental diabetic rats

目的研究黄芪甲苷对实验性糖尿病大鼠血糖、血脂和机体抗氧化能力的影响。方法通过高脂高糖饮食加腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(STZ)的方法诱导制备糖尿病大鼠模型,将100只造模成功大鼠随机分为模型组、黄芪甲苷低剂量组(30 mg/kg)、黄芪甲苷中剂量组(60 mg/kg)、黄芪甲苷高剂量组(120 mg/kg)和盐酸二甲双胍组(200 mg/kg),每组20只;另取20只同龄大鼠作为正常组。各给药组每天灌胃相应药物,模型组和正常组灌胃相同体积生理盐水,1次/d,连续灌胃4周。分别于灌胃前和灌胃后第7,14,21,28天测定各组大鼠空腹血糖水平;末次灌胃后检测各组大鼠血清总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST))、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、丙二醛(MDA)及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)水平;通过HE染色观察肝脏组织和心肌组织病理形态学表现。结果黄芪甲苷中、高剂量组大鼠空腹血糖、TC、TG、LDL-C、ALT、AST、LDH、MDA水平均显著低于模型组(P均<0.05),血清SOD、CAT活性显著高于模型组(P均<0.05);黄芪甲苷高剂量组大鼠血清HDL-C水平、GSH-Px活性和T-AOC水平均显著高于模型组(P均<0.05)。各给药组肝脏组织和心肌组织病理形态学改变均明显减轻,以黄芪甲苷高剂量组效果最为显著。结论黄芪甲苷能够有效降低实验性糖尿病大鼠血糖、血脂水平,改善抗氧化酶活性,抑制氧化应激损伤。

Objective It is to investigate the effects of Astragalosides on anti-hyperglycemia, regulating plasma lipid and improving antioxidant ability in diabetic rats. Methods 100 diabetic rat models were made by feeding with high fat and sugar and injecting STZ, and were randomly divided into five groups： diabetic model control group, Astragalosides （30, 60 and 120 mg/kg） treated groups and metformin hydroehloride 200 mg/kg treated group, each group had 20 rats. Another 20 same-aged rats were selected as normal control group. Every treated group was given respective drugs by intragastric administration, the model group and normal group was given normal saline, all the groups were treated for 4 weeks. Before and after the drugs were given 7, 14, 21 , 28 days, the level of plasma glucose was determined. 4 weeks later, the content of TC, TG, LDL -C, HDL - C were determined; the content of ALT, AST, LDH, MDA, the level of T - AOC and the activity of SOD, GSH - Px, CAT in serum were determined ; and the histopathological changes of hepatic tissue and mycadical tissue were observed by HE staining. Results Compared with the diabetes model control group, the level of plasma glucose, the content of TC, TG, LDL - C, ALT, AST, LDH, MDA in serum in Astragalosides （60, 120 mg/kg） treated groups were significantly decreased （P all 〈 0.05 ） , while the activity of SOD, CAT in serum were significantly increased （ P all 〈0. 05 ） , the content of HDL - C, the level of T - AOC and the activity of GSH - Px in serum of Astragalosides 200 mg/kg treated group was significantly increased （P all 〈 0.05 ）. The hepatic tissue and mycadical tissue histopathological changes were significantly improved in every treatment group, the changes were more significant in the Astragalosides 200 mg/kg treated group. Conclusion Astragalosides could effectively decrease the blood glucose and blood lipid, improve the activity of antioxidase, reduce the damage of oxidative stress in diabetic rats.