北天山地区泥火山的地球化学成因

ORIGIN OF THE MUD VOLCANO IN NORTHERN TIANSHAN CONSTRAINED BY GEOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION

泥火山是特定地质构造及水文地质环境下的一种构造流体地质现象,泥火山喷发时可以将大量有价值的信息带到地表,因此,不少科学家将泥火山称为深度可达12km的"天赐钻井"。在对新疆北天山地区分布的众多泥火山进行地形地貌、地质-水文地质条件、泥火山堆积物特征调查研究的基础上,系统分析了温泉、乌苏、艾其沟、独山子、沙湾-霍尔果斯各泥火山喷出物的流体地球化学组成(固体、气体、离子、同位素等),初步得到了基于地球化学成分特点的泥火山成因;区域地壳构造应力的不断增强既可以导致地震的孕育和发生,也可以使泥火山打破原有周期而出现显著活动,可见二者具有一定的同源关系。

Mud volcano is a kind of structural geological phenomena under certain hydrogeological environment and can bring plenty of valuable information to the ground when it erupts, therefore, many researchers call it as ＂Heaven granted well＂ whose depth can be up to 12km. Mud volcanoes in Xinjiang are distributed in the central-west region of North Tianshan, and five of them are representative, namely, Horgus, Dushanzi, Wenquan, Poplar valley, and Sailetike. We tested the gas, fluid and solid components of these mud volcanoes through investigations and studies of topography and geomorphology, geological and hydrogeological conditions, and mud debris characteristics, and preliminary obtained the origin of these mud volcanoes based on geochemical features. Finally, the paper describes briefly that the continuous enchancement of regional crustal tectonic stress can not only give rise to the seismogenesis and earthquake occurrence, but also break the original cycle of mud volcano to bring about significant activity, therefore, the two have a certain homology relationship.