358例肺癌患者K-ras基因的突变分析

Analysis of K-ras gene mutation in 358 cases of lung cancer

目的分析358例肺癌患者K-ras基因突变的突变情况,为肺癌患者的个体化治疗提供指导。方法通过嵌套和低变性温度下的复合PCR（COLD-PCR）-测序法分析358例肺癌患者K-ras基因突变状态。结果在358例肺癌患者中,K-ras基因总体突变率为8.10%。94份血浆标本、250份肿瘤组织标本、14份胸腔积液及腹水标本中的突变率分别为2.13%、9.60%、7.14%。突变类型包括G12C、G12D、G12A、G12V、G13D、Q61H,3种不同标本之间K-ras基因的突变率比较,差异无统计学意义（P=0.064 8）;男性与女性患者的突变率分别为6.96%、8.59%,差异无统计学意义（P=0.574 0）;30-〈45岁、45-〈60岁、大于或等于60岁患者中的突变率分别为4.76%、5.34%、9.22%,不同年龄段患者K-ras基因的突变率比较,差异无统计学意义（P=0.250 3）。结论肺癌患者K-ras基因突变类型主要为G12C、G12D、G12V、G13D,K-ras基因在不同标本类型、不同性别、不同年龄之间的突变率无明显差异。

Objective To analyze the mutation situation of K-ras gene in 358 cases of lung cancer to provide the guidance for the personalized therapy of lung cancer. Methods The nested and low denatured temperature compound PCR（COLD-PCR） method was used to analyze the K-ras mutations situation in 358 patients with lung cancer. Results In 358 lung cancer patients, the total mutation frequency of K-ras gene was 8.10%. The mutation rates were 2.13% in 94 plasma samples,9.60% in 250 tumor tissue samples and 7.14% in 14 pleural and ascites samples. The mutation types included G12C,G12D,G12A,G12V,G13I） and Q61H,the mutation rate had no statistical difference among 3 kinds of samples （P=0. 064 8）;the mutation rate was 6.96% in male patients and 8.59 % in female patients,the difference was not statistically significant（P=0. 574 0）;the mutation rates were 4.76% in the patients aged 30-〈45 years old,5.34% in the patients aged 45-〈60 years old and 9.22% in the patients aged ≥60 years old, the differences were not statistically significant （P=0.250 3）. Conclusion The mutation types of K-ras gene are mainly G12C, G12D,G12V and G13D. The mutation rate of K-ras gene has no significant differences among different types of sample,different genders and different ages.