摘要
本文从庭院布局、建筑结构、植物配植等方面论述中国古典庭院与传统文化中的"礼"的密切关系。古典庭院借助于园林空间布局及其技法,表现儒家对秩序即"礼"的尊崇并寄托对自然审美的一种追求。古典庭院整体布局将谋求秩序等级与"师法自然"巧妙地融合,在营造人与自然之间的和谐关系上,体现了儒家的中庸之道;古典庭院的入口由"礼义门"演化而来,充分体现了儒家对秩序和等级的尊崇;古典庭院中配植的植物多以松、竹为主,不仅让人感受自然的季节转换,而且表达了主人的君子之德和仁爱之心;古典庭院的建造过程也充分表现了儒家讲究人情世故的礼义。
This Essay discusses the relationship between Chinese classical courtyard and traditional rites from the overall arrangement, building structure and plant arrangement. The classical courtyard expressed the Confucianism admiration to the ＂order＂—namely ＂Rites＂, and entrusted their appetite to natural esthetic by means of garden spatial arrangement and skill. The overall arrangement of the classical courtyard combined masterly the seeking order and learning from nature, and reflected Confucianism moderation in the harmonious relationship between human and nature. The courtyard entrance was evolved from the ＂Rite Gate＂, embodied sufficiently the admiration of Confucianism to order and hierarchy.Most plants of the classical courtyard were pine and bamboo which made the owner feel the season changes but also expressed his gentleman virtue and kind-heartedness. Theconstructing process of the courtyard was also the manifestation of Confucianism worldly wisdom.
关键词
中国
古典庭院
“礼”
China
classical courtyard
rite
