无锡地区呼吸道病原体感染的流行病学调查

Epidemiological investigation of respiratory tract pathogens infection in Wuxi

目的了解呼吸道病原体在无锡地区的感染特点及流行趋势。方法收集我院2013年10月至2014年9月期间就诊的有呼吸道感染症状的患者11941例，使用九项呼吸道病原体检测试剂检测嗜肺军团菌1型、肺炎支原体、Q 热立克次体、肺炎衣原体、腺病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、甲型流感病毒、乙型流感病毒及副流感病毒1～3型的 IgM 抗体。结果11941例患者中病原体检测阳性4034例，阳性率33．78％。肺炎支原体感染阳性率最高，为28．80％，且秋季高发；嗜肺军团菌1型阳性率为1．92％，冬夏季节较高；呼吸道合胞病毒和乙型流感病毒的阳性率分别为1．52％、1．90％，多发于春秋；腺病毒、甲型流感病毒的阳性率分别为0．58％、0．24％，全年发病，无明显季节性；Q 热立克次体，肺炎衣原体检出例数分别为3例和12例，较少见。小于14岁的儿童2626例，检测出阳性标本1223例，阳性率为46．57％，其中肺炎支原体阳性1191例，阳性率45．35％。结论无锡地区成人、儿童呼吸道感染最主要的病原体是肺炎支原体。

Objective To investigate infective characteristics and epidemic trends of respiratory pathogens in Wuxi ,China .Methods To collect 11 941 cases of patients with respiratory infection symptoms .We used Pneumo‐slide IgM to detect Legionella pneumophila type 1 ,Mycoplasma pneumoniae ,Q heat Rickettsia ,Chlamydia pneumoni‐ae ,Adenovirus ,Respiratory syncytial virus ,Influenza A virus ,Influenza B virus and parainfluenza virus type 1 - 3 IgM antibodies .Results There were 4 034 positive cases patients with respiratory pathogens and the positive rate was 33 .78% .Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection was highest with infection rate 28 .80% and fall was the high inci‐dence season .The positive rate of Legionella pneumophila type 1 was 1 .92% and winter is the high incidence season . The positive rates of Respiratory syncytial virus and influenza B virus were 1 .52% and 90% .The rates of Adenovirus and influenza virus positive rates were 0 .58% and 0 .24% and there were no significant seasonality .There were only three cases and twelve cases of positive Q fever Rickettsia and Chlamydia pneumoniae patients were detected .There were 2 626 cases of children less than 14 years with respiratory infection symptoms and the positive respiratory pathogens infection rate was 46 .57% .The positive rate of mycoplasma pneumonia was 45 .35% in these children . Conclusion Mycoplasma pneumoniae was the most important respiratory pathogen in Wuxi .