住院肺栓塞患者合并症和死亡情况调查研究

Survey and analysis on coexisting diseases and death in hospitalized patients with pulmonary embolism

目的分析住院肺栓塞（PE）患者合并症及其死亡情况。方法采取回顾性分析方法，收集2010年1月1日到2014年12月31日在沈阳军区总医院呼吸与重症医学科因PE住院的患者（PE组330例）和同期住院的非PE患者（非PE组9263例）的临床资料，并进行统计分析。结果PE组女性患者多于非PE组（P〈O．05）。PE组Ⅰ型呼吸衰竭、下肢深静脉血栓（DVT）、肺炎、肝功能异常、癌症和骨折6种合并症的发病率高于非PE组（P〈0．05）。危险因素分析发现，DVT、骨折、肺炎、癌症、Ⅰ型呼吸衰竭、女性和肝脏疾病为PE的危险因子。结论应充分认识PE发生的高危因素与合并症，警惕PE的发生。

Objective To analyze the coexisting diseases and death of hospitalized patients with pulmonary embolism （PE）. Methods A retrospective study was carried out on 330 hospitalized PE patients admitted in our department from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2014, and on 9263 non-PE patients hospitalized in same period. Their clinical data were collected and analyzed. Results There were more female patients in the PE group than in the non-PE group in this study （P 〈 0.05）. The incidences of type Ⅰ respiratory failure, lower extremity deep venous thrombosis （DVT）, pneumonia, liver dysfunction, cancer and fractures were significantly higher in the PE group than in the non-PE group （P〈 0.05）. Risk factor analysis indicated that DVT, fractures, pneumonia, cancer, type Ⅰ respiratory failure, female and liver diseases were risk factors for PE. Conclusion Physicians should fully understand the risk factors and comorbidities of PE, and be alert to its occurrence.