“像保护大熊猫一样保护耕地”——基层耕地保护若干问题新探

Protect Arable Land Like It as Rare as Giant Panda——New Research on Several Issues of Arable Land Protection

本文基于实践调研,对当前我国基层耕地保护在责任主体、数量质量、民间力量、规划保护、非粮非农、土地文化这六个方面存在的主要问题和一些现象进行了分析,并据此提出当前基层耕地保护应,一是抓住全国农村土地承包经营权确权登记颁证工作等五个契机,进一步落实耕地保护主体责任;二是探索建立"补充耕地银行",允许补充耕地"以质抵量";三是通过进一步保障农民的"权"和"利",激发农民们严格耕地保护的内生动力;四是进一步严格土地利用规划管控,不断强化土地利用规划的刚性;五是更好发挥政府调控作用,防止耕地非粮泛滥,严厉打击耕地非农;六是研究和宣传先进的、健康的土地文化,针对不同地区实行差别化、精细化的耕地保护政策。

Based on the field researches, this paper analyzes main issues and some phenomena about the arable land protection from six prospects, which include the arable land protection responsibilities, quantity and quality of arable land, civic participation, land planning, non-staple or non-agricultural arable land use and land culture. And based on these analyses, this paper puts forward that, in order to strengthen arable land protection, Governments should seize the five opportunities include the approval registration and certification of contractual operation rights on rural land to clarify the arable land protection responsibilities of different agencies, explore the establishment of the compensation bank of arable land and allow local governments to compensate the requisition arable land with less amount but higher quality arable land, make farmers have initiative to protect arable land by strengthening their rights and interests protection, further strict land use planning controls and continue to strengthen the rigidity of the land use planning, improve regulation to prevent too much arable land to be used to plant non-staple crops and crack down actions of using arable land for non- agricultural purposes, research and advocate advanced and healthy land cuhure and implement differentiated and precise policies in different regions.