青岛地铁爆破使地上建筑物受损的危险分析

Risk Analysis of the Ground Buildings Under the Tunnel Blasting Vibration in Qingdao

针对目前越来越多的城市在隧道爆破开挖过程中损害地上建筑物的问题,本文以青岛地铁爆破工程为例,采用安全系统工程中的事故树分析方法,对地铁爆破使地上建筑物受损的危险性进行分析;同时采用TC4850爆破测振仪,对整个试验区段掏槽部位每次爆破时产生的振动数据进行监测和回归分析。分析结果表明,除了建筑物自身因素外,在爆破施工中对地表建筑物产生损害的最大影响因素为设计审核因素和具体爆破施工因素,而且98.81%的振速峰值分布在安全允许振速[v]=1cm/s以内,说明青岛地铁隧道爆破总体是安全的,爆破振动对地上建筑物的危害较小。该研究对其它类似的爆破工程振动控制和装药量控制具有重要的参考价值。

Since there are more and more ground buildings being damaged by the vibration of the city tunnel blasting, this paper provides analysis based on Qingdao subway blasting, using safety systems engineering in the fault tree analysis method. This paper also makes regression analysis using vibration data measured in the blast process by TC4850 vibrometer. Studies have shown that the design review factor and the con- struction of concrete blast contribute most to the damage of the ground buildings. And 98.81% of the data measured are under the security allowed velocity（[v] = 1 cm/s）. All studies show that the general descrip- tion of Qingdao subway tunnel blasting is safe, blasting vibration does little harm to the building on the floor. The results of the research provide important reference for Qingdao subway tunnel excavation and the safety of the ground buildings.