118例重症监护室急性中毒患儿临床分析

Analysis of 118 Acute Poisoning Children in Intensive Care Unint

目的分析重症监护室（ICU）急性中毒住院患儿的临床特点，为急性中毒患儿的预防和救治提供依据。方法对笔者医院2005年1月-2014年12月118例0～14岁因急性中毒收住ICU患儿的病案进行回顾性统计分析。结果118例急性中毒患儿占同期该科室住院病例2．56％，占意外伤害9．2％，男孩多于女孩，男女性别比为1．74：1，以幼儿期（32．2％）和学龄期（39．8％）为主。误服为首要的中毒原因，95．8％的患儿为经口摄入有毒物质，主要为药物中毒，不同种类有毒物质中毒其转归不同，药物中毒治愈率较高。治愈52例（44．0％），好转56例（47．5％），放弃治疗10例（8．5％）。结论急性中毒对儿童生命具有极大的威胁，预防是重要措施。

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of acute poisoning among hospitalized children in intensive care unit （ICU）. Methods A retrospective study included 118 children of 0 - 14 years of age treated for acute poisoning from Yuying Children＇s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from January 2005 to December 2014. Results Totally 118 cases of children with acute poisoning accounted for 2.56% of the hospitalized cases in the same period and for 9.2% of unintentional injuries cases. Boys had a higher incidence of acute poisoning than that of girls with a ratio of 1.74： 1. Toddler period （32.2%） and preschool period （ 39.8% ） were at thehigh risk poisoning. Poisons ingestion was the major cause of poisoning ,95.8% children were poisoned by swallowing poison agents. Drug toxicity was the most common cause of poisoning. The prognosis varies widely depending on the different kinds of poison substance,the recovery rate of drug toxicity was higher than the others. The healed rate of this group was 44.0% , improved 47.5% , withdrawing treatment 8. 5%. Conclusion Acute poisoning caused a great threat to the lives of children. The prevention of poisoning is the most important to children.