辽河口潮能通量与潮能耗散的数值研究

Numerical simulation of the tidal energy flux and tidal energy dissipation in Liaohe River Estuary

河口的潮能通量和潮能耗散对河口的泥沙输运和地形地貌形成具有重要的参考价值,本文基于FVCOM(finite-volume coastal ocean model)模式研究了辽河口在潮流和径流相互作用下潮能通量和潮能耗散情况。结果表明:辽河口潮能通量最大的区域集中在盖州滩东南侧以及双台子河河口和大辽河口河道急剧缩窄及拐弯处;在两个河口随着径流量的增加,潮能耗散增强,丰水期耗散能量总体上大于平水期和枯水期;在大辽河口,大潮期间的各水期的耗能率约为小潮期间耗能率的两倍;一个潮周期内潮能通量最大值出现在高潮时刻,其值为56.08 KW/m,河流段最大值发生在河道拐角处,低潮时潮能通量最小。潮能通量和耗散的分布的研究结果对于了解辽河口海域的动力过程和河口沉积动力过程方面的研究具有重要意义。

The tidal energy flux and dissipation in the estuary are valuable references for the researches on sediment transportation and topography formation. In the present study, an FVCOM （finite-volume coastal ocean model） model was established to investigate the tidal energy flux and dissipation in Liaohe estuary under the influence of the interaction between tidal currents and run-off currents. The results showed that the maximum tidal energy flux appeared in the southeast of Galzhou Beach and the intensely narrowing and turning area of Shuangtaizihe and Daliaohe estuary. The tidal energy dissipation grew as the run-off flow increased, thus it was stronger in wet season than in normal and dry season. In Daliaohe estuary,the energy dissipation rate during spring tide is about two times higher than during neap tide. The largest tidal energy flow appeared at the springtide during one tidal period and the value is 56.08 KW · m^-1. These conclusions are important for understanding the hydrodynamic characteristics in Liaohe estuary and the dynamic process of estuarine deposition.