变节距花纹轮胎噪声特性研究

Noise features of tires with variable pitch tread

采用主流的室内实验室转鼓方法对变节距花纹轮胎噪声进行了测试。对具有复杂花纹的乘用轮胎和载重轮胎的噪声频谱特性进行对比分析。对于乘用轮胎,轮胎花纹噪声随着速度的增加呈现一个偏于线性的增长趋势;对于载重轮胎,轮胎花纹噪声反而没有明显的增长趋势,曲线较为平缓;不同品牌乘用轮胎与不同品牌载重轮胎在标准速度下的1/3倍频程频谱曲线变化趋势有较大差异;与手工刻制的等节距轮胎噪声相比,成品轮胎所采用的变节距花纹结构设计有效地降低了各频段噪声峰值;对于变节距花纹成品轮胎,波浪形态横沟设计优于锐角形态,更优于正交形态;连通组花纹结构优于半连通组,更优于不连通组。文章为低噪声轮胎花纹结构优化提供了有意义的参考结论。

The noise of tires with variable pitch tread is tested by the unique indoor laboratory drum method. The spectral characteristics of the noise for passenger car tires and truck tires with complex patterns are analyzed. For passenger tires, tire tread noise presents a somewhat linear growth trend as the speed increases. For truck tires, tire tread noise has no clear growth trend but more like a gentle curve. The presented spectrum curve trends of 1/3 octave band are very different between the two kinds of tires in standard speed. Compared to the equal pitch designing, the finished tire using variable pitch tread reduces the noise peak of SPL（A） in each band. In these finished tires with variable pitch tread, the wavelike cross groove design is better than that of the lateral grooves with an acute angle, and the orthogonal formation is the worst in noise; The connected structure between lateral and longitudinal grooves is better than the half connected one, and the disconnected one is worst. This paper provides some meaningful conclusions for the design of the low-noise tread structure.