2014年宜兴市职业人群布鲁氏菌病监测

Monitoring of brucellosis among occupational population in Yixing, 2014

目的了解宜兴市职业人群布鲁氏菌病的流行情况,为制定预防控制措施提供依据。方法选择从事养殖、屠宰、皮毛乳肉加工等与布鲁氏菌病传播有职业关系的200人作为调查对象,填写认知情况调查表并采集血液样品,分别进行虎红平板凝集试验(RBPT)和试管凝集试验(SAT)。结果 200名高危职业人群提供的血液样品中22例RBPT初筛阳性,阳性率11.0%。养殖、屠宰、皮毛乳肉加工、畜产品交易及其他血清阳性率分别为5.0%、10.6%、14.3%、13.8%、8.3%。接受调查职业人群对布病的临床表现以长期发热知晓率最高(44.5%),皮疹知晓率最低(2.5%);明确知晓通过经呼吸道、消化道和皮肤及粘膜传播布病的占22.0%,相比去年的11.2%有明显提高(P<0.05);接触患病动物会感染布病的知晓率为47.0%,其中病羊可传播布病知晓率最高(50.0%)。结论本市职业人群对布病的认知相比去年有所提高,加大职业人群布鲁氏菌病防治知识宣传教育,采取有效防护措施,减少职业因素感染。

Objective To comprehensively understand the prevalence of brucellosis among occupational population in Yixing,and provide scientific basis for prevention and control measures. Methods 200 individuals whose types of work including breeding,slaughtering,wool,meat or dairy processing,etc,closely associated with the spread of brucellosis,were selected for the study. The survey was done by questionnaire and blood samples were collected for the Rose-Bengal Plate Agglutination Test（RBPT） and Standard Tube Agglutination Test（SAT）. Results According to the standards for diagnosis of brucellosis（WS269-2007）,22 sera were positive,with a positive rate of 11.0%. Seroprevalence of different jobs, such as breeding, slaughtering,processing of fur,milk and mutton, trading of animal products, and other kinds of job（including quarantining）were respectively 5.0%,10.6%,14.3%,13.8% and 8.3%. The awareness rate of long time high fever as the clinical symptom of brucellosis was the highest（44.5）,rash as the the clinical symptom of brucellosis was the lowest（2.5%）. The awareness rate of acquiring the disease through the respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract,skin and mucosa was 22.0%,was obviously increased compared to 11.2% in 2013（P0.05）. the awareness rate of acquiring the disease through contacting with infected animals was 47.0%;the awareness rate of acquiring the disease through contacting with infected goats was the highest（50.0%）. Conclusions The cognition of brucellosis in occupational people was increased in Yxing compared to last year. Strengthen the promotion of knowledge about brucellosis in populational and advice them to take effective protective measures would reduce the infection among occupational population.