松花湖区白桦-红松模式水源涵养林植被演替效果研究

Effect of Vegetation Succession in Water Conservation Forest with Betula platyphylla-Pinus koraiensis Model in Songhuahu Region

在松花湖区域构建以白桦-红松为主的水源涵养林,形成人工促进地带性植被区,通过调查和分析,结果表明:构建区域内乔木11种、灌木9种、草本15种;乔木中红松数量最多,占乔木总数的56.3%;乔木基盖度白桦最大,占总数的84.06%;乔木树冠覆盖面积白桦最大,占乔木总树冠覆盖面积的78.69%;乔木间,树高、胸径、冠幅差异显著;灌木数量以毛脉卫矛、暖木条荚蒾为多;草本植物优势种为苔草、宽叶山蒿。调查区域内白桦、红松生态地位显著,地带性植被种类丰富,群落结构合理,利用白桦、红松构建松花湖水源涵养林,模拟地带性植被效果明显,有利于松花湖区域水土保持。

Water Conservation Forest mainly by Betula platyphylla-Pinus koraiensis model in Songhuahu Region were constructed.Zonal vegetation region was formed.Through investigation and analysis,result shows that there are 11 kinds of trees,9kinds of shrubs,15 kinds of herbs;in the tree,Pinus koraiensis,which have the largest number,constitute 56.3% of the total;the largest base coverage is Betula platyphylla which constitute 84.06% of the total;the largest canopy cover is Betula platyphylla which constitute 78.69% of the total;significant difference was found in tree height,diameter at breast height,crown breadth;the number of Euonymus alatus var.pubescens and Viburnum burejaeticum are the most in the shrub;Carex tristachya and Artemisia stolonifera are the dominant species in the herb.In survey area,the ecosystem status of Betula platyphylla and Pinus koraiensis is significant,the effect of simulation for zonal vegetation in water conservation forest of Betula platyphylla &Pinus koraiensis in Songhua Lake is significant,which is advantageous to soil and water conservation in Songhua Lake area.