贵州特有药用植物毕节小檗的形态变异

Morphological Variation of Endemic Medicinal Plant Berberis guizhouensis Ying(Berberidaceae) from Guizhou Province

为探讨贵州特有药用植物毕节小檗（Berberis guizhouensis）形态多样性的变异式样及其适应机制,对其野外居群营养器官和花部形态进行研究.对毕节小檗一直空缺的花部性状进行了描述.结果表明,毕节小檗的性状在同一居群或同一性状在不同居群中都存在较丰富的变异,变异系数为0.03-0.57.从总体来看,营养器官性状的变异程度要高于花部性状.单因素方差分析表明居群间部分花部性状存在显著差异（P〈0.05）.聚类分析表明小白岩居群形成1个独立的分支,这种分化很可能是环境压力选择的结果.主成分分析表明花部性状与营养性状在维持形态结构的稳定性具有协调一致的生态适应.

In order to understand the variation pattern and adaptive mechanism of endemic medicinal plant Berberis guizhouensis Ying(Berberidaceae) from Guizhou Province, its characteristics of vegetative organs and flowers in field populations were studied in Weining Xian, Guizhou Province, southwestern China. The description of the floral characters was supplemented. The results showed that there was abundant variation among different traits within a population and the same trait in different populations. Coefficient of variation(CV) ranged from 0.03 to 0.57, and the CV values of vegetative traits were higher than those of floral traits. One-Way ANOVA analysis revealed that there was significant difference in some flower characters among populations(P<0.05). Cluster analysis showed that Xiaobaiyan population formed a separate clade, which could be caused by environment pressure selection. PCA analysis showed that there was coordinated ecological adaptation between floral and vegetation traits in maintaining the stability of morphological structure.