渭河下游河道泥沙淤积现状及趋势分析

Analysis of the Present Situation and Trend of the Sedimentation in the Lower Weihe River

针对渭河下游二华夹槽地区洪水灾害频发、损失严重的问题,通过实测资料对渭河下游河道泥沙淤积现状及趋势进行了分析。结果表明:渭河下游河道在1960年4月—1973年10月三门峡水库二期改建前淤积比较严重,泥沙淤积的重心在渭淤26以下河段,1973年10月三门峡水库控制运用以来,淤积有所减缓;自2002年汛后以来,渭河下游经历洪水后河道总体呈冲刷态势,河槽普遍展宽刷深,基本呈上、下段冲刷,中间淤积的特点;渭河下游泥沙淤积难以持续下降,在未来如遇不利水沙条件,淤积加重的可能性仍将继续存在。

For the frequent occurrences and serious losses of the floods in the long narrow area between Huaxian and Huayin County,the present situation and trend of the sedimentation in the Lower Weihe River were analyzed. The results show that the sedimentation of Lower Weihe River was serious at the period from April of 1960 to October of 1973 and the center of sedimentation was the reaches after Weiyu 26.Since October of 1973 when Sanmenxia Reservoir started running,the sedimentation has slowed down but still has a developing trend. The lower reaches of Weihe River have presented a general scouring trend and the river channels have become wider and deeper after floods since2002 flood season which presents the erosion of the upstream and the downstream sections,as well as the sedimentation of the middle section.It is difficult for the sedimentation in the lower reaches to decline continuously and the possibility of more serious deposition will continue to exist in the case of unfavorable water and sediment in the future.