洞庭湖综合治理方案探讨

Integrated management strategies for Dongting Lake

洞庭湖是我国第二大淡水湖,对保障长江经济带水安全具有重要作用。长期以来,江湖关系向江湖水力联系减弱方向发展,导致洞庭湖区水资源短缺、水生态环境恶化、航运萎缩,影响洞庭湖对长江洪水的调蓄作用。论述了江湖关系的演变机理,阐述了长江上游控制性工程运用后江湖关系的变化趋势及其影响;反映长江经济带、洞庭湖生态经济区建设的新要求,针对洞庭湖治理开发与保护中的突出问题,遵循"江湖和谐、生态文明"的理念,提出了洞庭湖大水脉方案。洞庭湖大水脉可畅通江湖联系,恢复和科学调整江湖关系,提高洞庭湖水资源和水生态环境承载能力,以水资源可持续利用促进经济社会与生态环境保护协调发展。

Dongting Lake is the second largest freshwater lake in China, which plays an important role in guaranteeing water safety of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Affected by poor connection development caused by river-lake relationship changes for decades, problems were brought about such as water resource shortage, deteriorated water ecological environment, navigation development atrophy, and also result in insufficient flood control and drainage capacity of Dongting Lake. The mechanism of river- lake relationship changes was studied, and the trends and its influence were analyzed since the use of the upper Yangtze River control projects. To implement the national development strategies for Yangtze River Economic Belt and Dongting Lake Ecological Economic Zone and following the philosophy of river-lake harmony and ecological civilization, innovative ideas of Dongting Lake Great Water Vein scheme is proposed in this paper against prominent problems during Dongting Lake harnessing, development and protection. Dongting Lake Great Water Vein project can unblock the river-lake connection, restore and adjust the river-lake relationship, improve the water carrying capacity and water ecological and environmental carrying capacity of Dongting Lake, promote the coordinated development of social economy and ecological environment protection with sustainable use of water resources.