低成本原料发酵生产生物表面活性剂及其特性研究

Production and Characterization of Biosurfactant Produced by Acinetobacter sp.XH-2 from Low-Cost Raw Materials

以低成本的泔水油和豆粕为碳、氮源,发酵培养不动杆菌菌株XH-2(Acinetobacter sp.XH-2)生产生物表面活性剂。以表面张力及排油圈直径为考察指标,对菌株XH-2产生物表面活性剂的发酵条件进行单因素优化,并研究了该生物表面活性剂的稳定性。结果表明,菌株XH-2在最优培养基(泔水油3%、豆粕5%、氯化镁2%、磷酸氢二钾6%、磷酸二氢钾3.8%、三氯化铁0.5%、氯化钠2%和初始pH值6.0)中发酵培养2d后,所产的生物表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度为200mg·L^(-1),其使发酵液的表面张力由73.01mN·m^(-1)降至25.25mN·m^(-1),具有广泛的温度、pH值和盐度适应性,初步的成分分析结果表明该生物表面活性剂可能为糖脂类。

Using low-cost swill oil and soybean meal as carbon and nitrogen source,the biosurfactant wasproduced by fermentation with Acinetobacter sp. XH-2. The fermentation conditions were optimized by drop-collapse test and surface tension test. The stability of biosurfactant was also explored. Results showed that criti-cal micelle concentration of biosurfactant produced by strain XH-2 was 200 mg · L 1 after fermentation for 2 dand the surface tension of the broth was reduced from 73.01 mN · m-1 to 25.25 mN· m-1 under the optimizedfermentation conditions ： swill oil 3 %, soybean meal 5 %, MgClz 2 %, K2 HPO4 6 %, KH2 PO4 3.8 %, FeC13 0.5 %,NaC1 2% and initial pH value 6.0. The biosurfactant was stable over wide temperature,pH value and salinity.Preliminary component analysis results indicated that the biosurfactant might belong to glycolipids.