从《好逑传》选择问的研究窥其创作时代——兼与《型世言》《品花宝鉴》比较

Exploring the Creation Time of Biographies of Good Spouses from the Study of Alternative Question——Comparing Xingshi Yan and Beauties in the Precious Mirror

押作为一部优秀的才子佳人小说,《好逑传》的创作时代颇受争议,有的学者认为该书创作于明代,有些学者认为《好逑传》成书于清初。一个时代的语料有一个时代的语言特点,根据学者关于近代汉语选择问的定义和分类,将《好逑传》选择问分为并列选择问与正反选择问两类进行定性分析和计量研究,全面总结《好逑传》选择问特点。在统计分析《好逑传》选择问次数和频率的基础上,比较《好逑传》选择问与明末语料《型世言》和清末语料《品花宝鉴》的选择问,发现《好逑传》并列选择问在继承先秦两汉、魏晋南北朝时期并列选择问特点的基础上,其特点与《型世言》与《品花宝鉴》并列选择问特点都有相近之处,更接近于《品花宝鉴》并列选择问的特点;《好逑传》正反选择问具有明清时期正反问的共性,又有不同于《型世言》和《品花宝鉴》正反选择问的特点,《好逑传》成书于清初的观点较为可信。

As an outstanding novels of gifted scholars and beautiful ladies, the creation time of Biographies of Good Spouses is very controversial,some scholars believe that the book was written in the Ming Dynasty, some scholars believe that the book was written in the early Qing dynasty.The corpus of a time has the language characteristic of an era, the definition and classification of alternative question based on the authoritative scholar＇s viewpoint, alternative question in Biographies of Good Spousesis divided into two categories, for instance, coordinate and alternative question, positive and negative question, we analyze and count alternative question using qualitative and quantitative methods and entirely summarize the characteristic of the alternative question in Biographies of Good Spouses. We count the number oftimes and frequency of alternative question, comparing alternative question in Biographies of Good Spouses with alternative question in the Xingshi Yanand Beauties in the Precious Mirror, coordinate and alternative question in Biographies of Good Spouses inherits the characteristics of coordinate and alternative question in Pre-Qin and Han Dynasties, wei jin southern and northern dynasties period, coordinate and alternative question in Biographies of Good Spouses has similar characteristics with coordinate and alternative question in the Xingshi Yah and Beauties in the Precious Mirror, the characteristics of coordinate andalternative question in Biographies of Good Spouses are closer to L. alternative question of Beauties in the Precious Mirror. Positive and negative question in Biographies of Good Spouses has similarities with positive and negative question in the Ming dynasty and Qing dynasty, positive and negative question in Biographies of Good Spouses also has its own characteristics, the viewpoint that Biographies of Good Spousesis novels in early Qing Dynasty is more reliable.