蜂胶对大鼠皮肤创伤愈合的影响

The effect of propolis on wound healing of skin in rats

目的探讨蜂胶对创伤愈合的影响,并初步探讨创伤愈合机制。方法 60只健康雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为实验组(创伤模型+蜂胶组)20只、对照组(创伤模型+碘伏组)20只、空白组(创伤模型+生理盐水组)20只,每组再随机分为5个时间点(3、5、7、10、14 d),每组每时间点各4只,采用手术法复制大鼠背部皮肤全层1 cm×1 cm的创伤模型,每日换药。分别于各个时间点处死大鼠,切取创面皮肤组织,计算创伤愈合率,通过HE染色观察创面组织学的变化,免疫组织化学染色法检测血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和血小板源性生长因子(PDGF)的动态改变。结果与对照组比较,实验组能明显提高大鼠创伤愈合速度和愈合率(P<0.05或P<0.01)。与空白组比较,HE染色显示实验组毛细血管、胶原纤维增生明显,表皮再生完全。免疫组织化学染色显示,实验组在3 d时VEGF表达水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05),实验组在5 d时PDGF表达水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论蜂胶在创伤修复愈合过程中起明显促进作用,可能与其促进血管生成、促进肉芽组织以及瘢痕组织增生等作用有关。

Objective To discuss the influence of propolis on wound healing and study preliminarily on the mechanism of wound healing. Methods 60 healthy and male Wistar rats were randomly divided into experimental group （wound model＋propolis,n=20）,control group （wound model＋povidone iodine,n=20） and blank group （wound model＋physiological saline,n=20）.Each group was then randomly divided into 5 time points：3 d,5 d,7 d,10 d and 14 d with there were 4 rats in each time point.The wound model was established by full-thickness skin injury in rats＇ back in size of 1 cm×1 cm, changed dressings every day.The rats were executed in every time point and the injuried skin tissues were cut to calculate the wound healing rate,and the change of wound histology was observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and the dyanmic change of vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF） and platelet-derived growth factar（PDGF） was detected by immunohistochemical staining method respectively. Results Compared with control group,the experimental group could obviously improve the healing speed and healing rate of wound in rats （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）.Compared with blank group,HE staining revealed that remarkable capillary and collagen fiber hyperplasia,and complete epidermal regeneration was observed in experimental group.Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the expression level of VEGF in experimental group was significantly higher than that of control group in 3 d （P〈0.05）.The expression level of PDGF was greatly higher than that of control group in 5 d （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The propolis plays a significant promotion role in healing and repair of wound,it may be related to promoting angiogenesis,the role of promoting proliferation of granulation tissue and scar tissue.promote the rebuilding of capillaries,accelerate the regeneration of the epidermis and facilitate the formation of scar.