老年人体质量指数、腰围与血压关系的探讨

Correlation of blood pressure with body mass index and waist circumference in the elderly

目的 探讨老年人血压与体质量指数（BMI）和腰围（WC）的关系。方法 入选2010年1月至2014年12月期间在解放军总医院门诊部干部诊疗科接受查体的离退休老干部449例，按BMI将研究对象分为BMI正常组、超重组和肥胖组。按WC将研究对象分为WC正常组和腹型肥胖组，对其基本情况和血压情况进行记录分析。结果 在超重组、肥胖组和腹型肥胖组中，男性和女性间检出率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。超重者和肥胖者的24h平均收缩压（SBP24h）、24h平均舒张压（DBP24h）以及高血压检出率均显著高于正常BMI者；腹型肥胖者上述指标也显著高于WC正常者。相关分析证实BMI和WC与SBP24h、DBP24h均显著正相关。结论 本研究证实老年人群中BMI和WC与血压的正相关性，提示体质量管理在高血压防治中的重要性。

Objective To investigate the relationship of blood pressure with body mass index （BMI） and waist circumference （WC） in the elderly. Methods A total of 449 retired cadres who receiving physical examination routinely in our department from January 2010 to December 2014 were enrolled in this study. They were divided into 3 groups, that is, normal BMI, overweight and obesity groups according to their BMI results. They were also assigned into normal WC and abdominal obesity groups based on their WC values. Their medical data and blood pressure were recorded and analyzed. Results There were no significant differences in being overweight, obesity and central obesity between males and females （P〉0.05）. The patients from the overweight and obesity groups had significantly higher 24-hour mean systolic blood pressure （SBP24h）, 24-hour mean diastolic blood pressure （DBP24h） and rate of hypertension than those from the normal BMI group, so were the central obesity patients than those with normal WC. Correlation analysis confirmed that BMI and WC were positively correlated with SBP24h and DBP24h. Conclusion BMI and WC are positively correlated with blood pressure in the elderly, suggesting the importance of body mass control in the prevention of hypertension.