社会效果与法律效果统一的法官思维障碍与解决思路

Integration of the social effects with legal effects in the perspective of the judge

三段论思维要求审判建立在形式逻辑推演的基础上,是法律效果实现的有力保障。审判过程中法官主要以"主动考量"的方式将经济发展、社会稳定、公众认同等社会效果纳入其考虑范围内。法官考量的社会效果是作为案外因素存在的,为三段论思维模式所排斥,从而使社会效果与法律效果之间存在逻辑思维障碍。"两个效果"的统一要求立法实现社会效果的法律化,使社会效果为法律所涵摄而成为规范性事实进入三段论思维中;同时需建立"法庭之友"制度,使得在三段论思维之外社会效果亦得以以"看得见"的方式最大限度地进入法官的考量范围。

The thinking mode of syllogism requires the trial to be based on the deduction of formal logic, which can ensure the legal effects. In the process of a trial,judges usually take the initiative to take into consideration such social effects as economic development, social stabilization and public acceptance. The social effects as a factor irrelevant to judicial cases are excluded from the thinking mode of syllogism which leads to the syllogistic separation between social effects and legal effects. The unity of the social effects and legal effects requires the relevant legislation to bring about social effects with or without the influence of the thinking mode of syllogism. It is also necessary to establish the system of the Amicus Curiae to ensure the visible social effects to enter into the judge＇s consideration.