围产期孕妇抑郁障碍危险因素临床分析

Clinical analyses of risk factors in perinatal pregnant women with depression

目的探讨围产期孕妇发生抑郁障碍的影响因素，为早期干预提供依据。方法采用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表对2112例围产期孕妇进行问卷调查，对不同一般资料孕妇的调查结果进行对比分析。结果本组被试抑郁障碍检出率为12．9％。不同年龄、学历、孕前家庭收入、居住环境、与丈夫的关系、与其他成员的关系、是否独生子女、是否计划内怀孕的抑郁障碍检出率比较差异均有显著或极显著性（P〈O．05或0．01），其中年龄越小、学历越低、孕前家庭收入越低、对居住环境满意度越低、与丈夫及其他成员关系越不融洽、独生子女、未在计划内怀孕的围产期孕妇抑郁障碍检出率越高。结论围产期抑郁障碍的发生是多因素共同作用的结果，应针对诸多影响因素积极开展围产期抑郁障碍的预防、宣传、筛查及治疗工作。

Objective To explore the risk factors in perinatal pregnant women with depression in order to provide basis for early intervention. Methods Surveys were conducted with the Edinburgh Postnatal De- pression Scale （EPDS） in 2,112 perinatal pregnant women and findings contrastively analyzed among preg- nant women with different general data. Results The detection rate of depression in the pregnant women was 12. 9%. There were significant or very significant differences in depression detection rates among pregnant women with different ages, academic career, pregestation family income, inhabited environment, marital relation, relation to other members, whether only-child or not and whether planning pregnancy （P〈0.05 or 0.01）, the depression detection rates were higher in the pregnant women with younger ages, lower academic career, pregestation family income and satisfaction to inhabited environment, disharmoni- ous relation to husband or other members, only-child as well non-planning pregnancy. Conclusion The occurrence of perinatal depression is the outcome of combined action of multiple factors, prevention, prop- aganda, screening and treatment for perinatal depression should be aimed directly at multiple influencing factors.