1814例伤残军人体检心电图分析

Analysis of electrocardiogram examination for 1814 disabled soldiers

目的通过对1 814名伤残军人体检心电图分析,总结该人群心电图特点。方法收集2013年7月1日-2015年4月30日在上海市双拥大厦体检的退伍伤残军人体检心电图。受检者共1 814例,其中男性1 702例,女性112例;按年龄分为青年组（18-44岁）216例,中年组（45-64岁）785例,老年组（64岁以上）813例。分析异常心电图类型和比例,以及异常心电图与年龄、基础疾病之间的关系。结果共检出异常心电图603例（33.2%）,其中青年组、中年组和老年组的发生率分别为14.8%、30.3%、40.9%,异常心电图发生率男、女差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。在异常心电图中,发生比例由高到低依次是ST-T改变（33.5%）、快速心律失常（29.0%）、缓慢心律失常（27.9%）、左心房/心室肥厚（23.1%）、陈旧性心肌梗死（4.5%）、肢导低电压（1.8%）、右心房/室肥厚（1.7%）和急性心肌梗死（0.3%）。与无基础疾病者相比,有基础疾病的受检者更易出现异常心电图（P〈0.05）,其比例由高到低依次是慢性阻塞性肺疾病、心脏病、高血压、糖尿病、脑卒中。结论伤残军人异常心电图的检出率和类型与其他人群类似。

Objective To summarize the electrocardiogram（ECG） features of 1 814 disabled soldiers by means of statistical analysis of ECG results of them. Methods ECG features of retired disabled soldiers from July 1, 2013 to April 30, 2015 in Shanghai Shuangyong building were collected. There were 1 814 cases, including 1 702 males and 112 females. They were divided into young group（aged from 18 to 44 years, n=216）, middle-aged group（aged from 45 to 64 years, n=785） and old group（aged more than 64 years, n=813）. The type and proportion of abnormal ECG were summarized, and the relationship between abnormal ECG, age and basic diseases was analyzed. Results There were 603 cases（33.2%） with abnormal ECG. The incidences in groups of young, middle-aged and elderly disabled soldiers were 14.8%, 30.3%, and 40.9%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in abnormal ECG rate between men and women（P 〉0.05）. The incidence of abnormal ECG from high to low were ST-T changes（33.5%）, tachyarrhythmia（29.0%） and bradyarrhythmia（27.9%）, left atrial/ventricular hypertrophy（23.1%）, old myocardial infarction（4.5%）, limb lead low voltage（1.8%）, right atrial/ventricular hypertrophy（1.7%） and acute myocardial infarction（0.3%）. Compared to subjects without underlying diseases, subjects with basic diseases were more likely to have abnormal ECG（P〈 0.05）, and the ratio from high to low were chronic obstructive disease, heart disease, hypertension, diabetes and stroke. Conclusion The incidence and types of abnormal ECG of disabled soldiers are similar to that of other groups.