“任凭句”句式探析

The Analysis of “Renping”Sentence Patterns

任凭句是一种极端情况下的让步句。根据前分句的形式特征,任凭句可分为单项任凭句、多项任凭句和总让任凭句。这三种类型的任凭句在认知层面具有明显的区别:单项任凭句的主观推测层面:0<P{B/A}<0.5,客观反映层面:P{B/A}=1;多项任凭句的主观推测层面:0<P{B/a1}<0.5,0.5<P{B/a2}<1或者0<P{B/a1va2}<0.5,客观反映层面:P{B/a1}=P{B/a2}=1;总括任凭句的主观推测层面:0<P{B/Amin(B)}<0.5,客观反映层面:P{B/Amin(B)}=1。最后讨论说话人在使用任凭句时所表达的无奈和坚定的不同心态。

＂Renping＂sentence is a kind of extreme conditions of concessions. According to the form characteristics of antecedent phrase, ＂Renping＂sentence can be divided into monomial Renping sentence,multi-term Renping sentence and unconditional-concession Renping sentence. They have visible differences in the aspect of cognition： the subjective conjecture aspect of monomial Renping sentence is 0P {B/A}〈0.5,the objective reflection aspect is P{B/A}=1; the subjective conjecture aspect of multi-term Renping sentence is0P{B/a1}〈0.5,0.5〈P{B/a2}〈1 or 0P{B/a1va2}〈0.5,the objective reflection aspect is P{B/A}=1; the subjective conjecture aspect of unconditional-concession ＂Renping＂sentence is 0P {B/A min（B）}〈0.5, the objective reflection aspect is P {B/A min（B）}=1.Finally,talking about two different thinking of helpless and determined when the speaker use Renping sentence.