诏令范畴下的“策”体辨析——以汉代诏令为例

“Ce” Stylistic Analysis in the Category of Imperial Edicts——Taking Imperial Edicts in Han Dynasty as an Example

"策"体在汉诏中大抵可分为三类,即策书、策告和策问。策书通常用于人事的升降任免;策告是以简册相告于天地、宗庙、神明;策问则用于选拔贤良文学、博士弟子等人才。关于诏令类"策"体的辨析,在诸家评述中多有涉及,其主要从考竟源流和分类辨析纵横两方面对"策"体加以梳理,既反映了"策"体功能的多样化,亦说明绝大多数功能早在汉代已经存在的事实。可以说,"策"体的细化,既是文体自身规范化的结果,而很大程度上更有赖于评述者的归纳和总结。

There are generally three types of＂Ce＂in the Han Dynasty imperial edicts which are imperial edicts of nobility-conferring appointment, imperial edicts of Jane report, and imperial edicts of questions.Imperial edicts of nobility-conferring appointment are commonly used to appointment and removal of personnel. Imperial edicts of Jane report are used to pray to heaven and earth, the gods and temples by Jane.Imperial edicts of questions are used to select the talents of elite literatures and doctoral students. There are many comments about the＂Ce＂stylistic analysis in the category of imperial edicts, and they can be actually divided into two approaches which are carding the origin and classification analysis. The comments reflect a variety of features about＂Ce＂, and prove the fact that the most of the features has existed as early as the Han Dynasty. In a manner of speaking, the refinement of＂Ce＂is not only a result of literary style standardization,but also largely depends on the inductions and summaries of the reviewers.