黑龙江省5岁以下儿童家长对急性腹泻病防治知识的需求评估

Assessment on needs of knowledge about prevention and management of acute diarrhoea among caregivers of children aged under 5 years in Heilongjiang Province

目的了解黑龙江省5岁以下儿童家长对腹泻防治措施的掌握和需求情况，为今后开展健康宣教提供理论依据，降低急性腹泻病的发病率及死亡率。方法自行设计调查问卷，经过信度及效度分析后，采取随机整群抽样方法抽取1137位5岁以下儿童家长进行问卷调查。应用SPSS16．0统计软件对结果进行分析。结果黑龙江省5岁以下儿童家长对腹泻防治知识知晓率为36．851％（419／1137）。单因素分析显示，女性较男性知晓率高；学历越高知晓率越高（均有P〈0．001）；户籍及收入的P值分别为0．224和0．170，差异无统计学意义；多因素Logistic回归分析显示，女性（OR=0．606，95％CI：0．373～0．984）和高学历（OR=0．566，95％CI：0．413～0．775）是腹泻相关知识知晓程度的保护因素。95.339％（1084／1137）的家长认为有必要开展腹泻防治知识的缝康宣教，其中希望通过网络途径和电视途径获得腹泻防治相关知识的比例分别为79．332％（902／1137）和62．797％（714／1137）。结论黑龙江省5岁以下儿童家长对腹泻防治措施知晓率低，加强腹泻防治措施的普及是当务之急。

Objective To investigate the needs of knowledge about prevention and management of acute diarrhoea among caregivers of children aged under 5 years in Heilongjiang, to provide a basis for future training, and to reduce the morbidity and mortality of acute diarrhea. Methods Questionnaire was self-designed and verified by the reliability and va- lidity analyse. Cluster random sampling was used and 1 137 questionnaires were collected for the investigation. SPSS statis- tica｜ software was used to analyze the results. Results Knowledge about prevention and management of acute diarrhoea a- mong earegivers of children aged under 5 years in Heilongjiang Province was low （36. 851% , 419/1 137）. Results from one-way analysis of variance showed significant differences in gender and education （all P 〈0. 001 ） compared to in domi- cile and income （P = 0. 170 and P = 0. 224 respeetively） on knowledge about prevention and management of acute diarrhe- a. By non-conditional Logistie stepwise regression analysis, female （OR =0. 606, 95% （3：0. 373-0. 984） and highly edu- cated levels （OR = 0. 566,95% CI：0. 413 -0. 775 ） were protective thctors of knowledge about prevention and nmnagement of acute diarrhea. 95. 339% （1 084/1 137） of caregivers considered that they need to the knowledge about prevention and management of acute diarrhea. Caregivers hoped to get the knowledge from network （79. 332% , 902/1 137） and television （62. 797% , 714/1 137）. Conclusions Caregivers of children aged under 5 years in Heilongjiang Province have insuffi- cient knowledge about prevention and management of acute diarrhoea. It is urgent to strengthen the knowledge.