汉语儿童声调测试材料回顾及开发要素分析

Considerations in developing Mandarin tonal tests for children and existing test materials

目的目前缺少标准的儿童汉语声调识别测试材料,通过本文可以更好地了解开发标准声调测试材料需考虑的因素以及现有的声调测试材料。方法本文搜索了国内外相关文献,分析归纳了开发标准测试材料所需考虑的因素。同时列举了现有儿童汉语声调识别测试,并指出各材料的优缺点。结果开发标准的儿童声调识别测试材料需考虑多个因素,包括测试项的选择、反应模式、测试信号表现形式、测试环境和心理测量性能等。现有5个儿童声调识别测试材料,其中4个都没有进行心理测量性能评估。结论 MTIT具有较好的心理测量性能,可以用来评估听障儿童的声调识别能力。不过MTIT只有一张词表,未来可以多开发几张等价词表。

Objectives There are few standard Mandarin tone identification tests for children. The present study will discuss over factors that influence the design of tone identification tests and the existing Mandarin tone identification tests for children. Methods We searched Chinese and overseas literatures in an attempt to determine factors that need to be considered when developing a standard test. Besides, pros and cons of existing Mandarin tone identification tests for children were reviewed. Results Several factors were identified as needing to be considered when developing standard tone identifi- cation tests for children, including item selection, response mode, presentation of stimuli, test environment and psychometric properties. Five tone identification tests for children were identified, of which four had not been evaluated of their psychometric properties. Conclusion MTIT can be used to evaluate tone identification abilities in children with hearing impairment as it has good psychometric properties. However, the limitation is that MTIT only has one word list. In future, more equivalent lists need to be developed.