中国对外直接投资逆向技术溢出对国内技术进步影响研究——基于1985-2013年数据的实证检验

A Study on Influence of China's OFDI Reverse Technology Spillover on Domestic Technology Progress——An Empirical Test based on 1985-2013 Data

对外直接投资(OFDI)是一国利用技术外溢效应来实现本国技术进步的有效路径。本文借鉴L-P模型,选取1985-2013年我国对外直接投资数据,并以全要素生产率作为技术进步衡量指标,具体考察了我国对外直接投资逆向技术溢出对国内技术进步的影响程度和因素。结果显示我国对外直接投资会产生显著逆向技术溢出效应,即对外直接投资每增加1%将引致国内全要素生产率增长0.0163%,影响程度不及国内研发、外商直接投资和进口贸易,逆向技术溢出效应此外还受到人力资本水平、研发强度、技术差距和知识产权保护程度等多种因素影响。

OFDI is an effective path of a country to use technology spillover effect for realizing technology progress. By u- sing L-P model for reference, selecting TFP as index of technology progress, and taking the total factor productivity as a measure index of technology progress, the paper analyzes the influence degree and factors of OFDI＇s reverse technology spillover on the base of OFDI data between 1985 and 2013. The results show that China＇s OFDI can produce reverse tech- nology spillover effect significantly, namely the OFDI increase for each additional 1% will improve TFP by 0. 063%, and the effect degree is less than domestic R＆D, FDI and import; in addition, the reverse technology spillover effect is also affected by human capital level, R＆D strength, technology gap and the intellectual property protection degree etc.