从布景到事件 记英国园林中的点景建筑

From Decor to Occasion The Follies in the British Gardens

英国园林中有建造点景建筑(folly)的传统。本文通过对英国典型案例的研究,将folly归纳为两种主要类型:一种是模仿古希腊、古罗马时期的神庙建筑,营造一种如画式的理想景观,寄托尚古情怀;另一种是以"中国风"为代表的异国情调建筑,满足人们的猎奇心理。在当代,folly已不再仅仅是园林中的装饰布景,而是更加开放地出现于城市的公共空间之中,成为重要的事件性建筑。通过对folly的产生背景、历史沿革、形态类型以及当代演变的研究,加深对于英国园林史与当代建筑事件的认识和理解。

Folly was a traditional architecture in British gardens. According to the case studies on the typical British gardens, follies can be listed as two main types. One is the simulation of classical temples to create an idealized picturesque landscape. The other one is typed by exoticism, particularly by Chinoiserie, which could address people＇s curiosities. Contemporary follies are no longer act as decors in the gardens, but the architecture of occasions in the public spaces. Through the research on the background, the history, the types and the evolutions of follies, this article will help to understand the history of British gardens and contemporary architectural occasions.