美国植物园的公众活动研究

Research on American Botanical Garden Public Activities

随着社会的发展,公众对植物园的需求不断变化,植物园从最初的药用植物园发展成为集科教、文化、娱乐、经济等功能于一体的城市公共服务设施。选取14个美国知名植物园作为研究对象,对植物园内公众活动进行归纳整理,将其分为教育类、体验类、艺术类和租赁类四大类,并对每一类活动的内容、与植物园环境的关系、对植物园概念的扩展、和公众的互动、活动收费情况等方面进行了分析。全方位的科普教育、近自然的活动体验、多领域的艺术交流、多渠道的资金来源是美国植物园公众活动的主要特点,这对中国的植物园建设有重要的启示作用。

With the development of society, the demand of the public on the botanical garden is constantly changing. Botanical garden developed from the initial medicinal botanical garden into the city public service facilities with the science, culture, entertainment, and economic functions in one. This research selects fourteen well-known American botanical gardens as the research object. The research method employed is content analysis of accessible materials of these gardens. Public activities in botanic gardens are categorized as educational, experiential, artistic and rental. For each type, this study analyzes the content of public activities, its relationship with the botanical garden environment, the extension of the concept of botanical garden, the public interaction, and the fee charged. A full range of popular science education, the practice experience of close to the nature, art communication of different fields, multi-channel financing source is the characteristics of the botanical garden, which has an important reference for the botanical garden construction in China.