森林火灾余火复燃条件研究

Study on Forest Fire Ember Resurgence Conditions

针对森林火灾余火具有隐蔽性强、持续时间长、监测难度大、对森林生态系统破坏性大等特点,利用八旋翼无人机搭载激光测温器,通过在内蒙古兴安盟、安徽宣城市、云南楚雄彝族自治州、江苏无锡市四个地区进行点火试验,结合当地气候条件、地形和森林枯落物的种类等信息,通过分析实验所得数据总结出林火复燃与火场温度变化的关系,认为450℃左右为复燃高发温度。后期的实验验证表明,利用无人机进行森林火灾余火识别方法准确、有效,受实验仪器本身限制,实验温度测量存在1℃以内误差,但该误差对实验结果几乎无影响。该技术可为防止森林火灾复燃,减少森林火灾损失提供理论支持。

In view of the strong concealment, long duration, great monitoring difficulty and serious damage to the forest ecological system of forest fire embers, with eight-rotor UAV with laser temperature measurement devices used, based on ignition tests performed in four areas, i. e. Xing＇an Meng, Inner Mongolia, Xuancheng City in Anhui, Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan and Wuxi, Jiangsu City, coupled with local weather conditions, terrains and infor- mation about the kinds of forest litters, the relationship between forest fire resurgence and fire field temperature chan- ges is summarized through analysis of data obtained through experiments. It is believed that resurgence occurs fre- quently at around 450 ℃, and later experiments show that the method involving the use of UAV for forest fire ember identification is accurate and effective, but restricted by experiment instruments ,with errors within the scope of 1 ℃ in terms of experimental temperature measurement, but this error has little effect on the experiment result. This tech- nology provides theoretical support for prevention of forest fire resurgence and reduction of losses caused by forest ~res.