40～59岁现役飞行员心血管疾病危险因素地区分布与聚集情况分析

Regional distribution and aggregation analysis of risk factors for cardiovascular disease among active pilots aged 40-59 years

目的了解中国民航40~59岁现役飞行员心血管疾病危险因素的地区分布与聚集情况。方法调查2011年华北、华东、华南地区831名40~59岁现役飞行员的心血管疾病危险因素,比较不同危险因素在各地区分布及聚集情况的差异。结果华北地区40~59岁现役飞行员的糖化血红蛋白（Hb A1c）和总胆固醇（TC）水平（分别为5.7%±0.5%、5.6±1.1mmol/L）高于华东、华南地区,而高TC的标化率达23.6%,明显高于其他两个地区;华东地区40~59岁现役飞行员的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）和收缩压（SBP）控制显著较差（分别为1.1±0.2mmol/L、3.6±0.7mmol/L、125.7±9.4mm Hg）,其中,低HDL-C和高LDL-C的标化率分别为37.9%、24.6%,明显高于其他两个地区;华南地区40~59岁现役飞行员的空腹血糖（FPG）水平（5.5±0.5mmol/L）明显高于华北和华东地区。三个地区1项和2项危险因素的聚集情况具有显著性差异。三个地区1项、2项和≥3项危险因素聚集排名第一的组合分别为超重和肥胖、低HDL-C＋超重和肥胖、高TG＋低HDL-C＋超重和肥胖。结论三个地区40~59岁飞行员的心血管疾病危险因素地区分布与聚集情况具有显著差异,地区间防控重点应不同。控制体重对40~59岁现役飞行员来说刻不容缓。

Objective To analyze the regional distribution and aggregation of risk factors for cardiovascular disease（CVD） among active China civil aviation pilots aged 40–59 years. Methods In 2011, 831 active pilots aged 40–59 years in Northern, Eastern and Southern China were investigated for risk factors of CVD. The regional distribution and aggregation of risk factors were analyzed. Results The mean hemoglobin A1c（Hb A1c）, mean total cholesterol（TC） and age standardized prevalence rate of high TC in Northern China（5.7%±0.5%, 5.6±1.1mmol/L and 23.6%, respectively） were significantly higher than in Eastern and Southern China. High density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）, 1ow density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C） and systolic blood pressure（SBP） were controlled poorer（1.1±0.2mmol/L, 3.6±0.7mmol/L and 125.7±9.4mm Hg, respectively） in pilots from Eastern China, and their age standardized prevalence rates of low HDL-C and high LDL-C were 37.9% and 24.6%, respectively, which was obviously higher than that in pilots from other two regions. The mean fast plasma glucose（FPG, 5.5±0.5mmol/L） was significantly higher in pilots from Southern China than that in pilots from the other two regions. There was significant difference of 1 and 2 categories of risk factors for CVD among the three regions, and among 1, 2 and ≥3 kinds of CVD risk factors, combination of overweight and obesity, low HDL-C＋ overweight and obesity, and high TG＋ low HDL-C＋ overweight and obesity ranked highest. Conclusions The regional distribution and aggregation of risk factors for CVD among active pilots aged 40–59 years old are significantly different. Prevention and control measures should be different among these three regions. Weight control is imperative for active pilots aged 40–59 years old.