不同产地茅苍术对淹水胁迫的生理生化响应及耐淹性的TOPSIS综合评价

Physiological-biochemical response of Atractylodes lancea from different habitats to waterlogging stress and comprehensive evaluation of their waterlogging tolerance with TOPSIS approach

以不同产地茅苍术为试验材料,研究了人工模拟淹水胁迫对不同产地茅苍术植株叶片的生理指标、光合和叶绿素荧光特性的影响,以期为茅苍术耐涝品种的筛选提供理论依据。结果表明:随着淹水胁迫时间的延长,不同产地植株叶片的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均呈先上升后下降趋势,其中SOD、POD分别于第2、6天达最高值;英山、信阳组CAT值均于第2天达最高值,而句容组于第4天达最高值,上升周期最长,且最高值最大;丙二醛(MDA)、游离脯氨酸(Pro)含量均呈上升趋势,7 d时显著高于未处理组;随着淹水胁迫时间的延长,不同产地植株叶片的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)和蒸腾速率(Tr)均持续下降,7 d时显著小于未处理组,但各产地间差异不显著;随着淹水胁迫时间的延长,不同产地植株叶片的最大光化学量子产量(Fv/Fm)、PSⅡ潜在光化学活性(Fv/Fo)均呈下降趋势,句容组显著大于其他组,且淹水胁迫对茅苍术叶片Fv/Fo的影响比Fv/Fm大。有效光化学量子产量(Fv'/Fm')、表观光合电子传递速率(ETR)、光化学猝灭系数(q P)和非光化学猝灭系数(NPQ)呈先上升后下降趋势,其中各组茅苍术Fv'/Fm'、ETR分别于胁迫第1天时达最高值;英山、信阳组q P、NPQ于第1天达最高值,句容组于第3天达最高值。通过TOPSIS法对生理、光合、叶绿素荧光指标进行综合评价,得出淹水胁迫下3个产地茅苍术植株耐涝性能大小顺序为句容>英山>信阳。

In order to provide theoretical basis for selection of waterlogging-tolerance varieties of Atractylodes lancea, the effects of waterlogging on physiological indexes, photosynthesis parameters and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of A. lancea from three different sites were studied. The results showed that ： （ 1 ） Along with prolonging of waterlogging stress, the activities of super- oxide dismutase （SOD）, peroxidase （POD） and catalase （CAT） in leaves of A. lancea from the different sites increased first and then declined. The activities of SOD and POD reached the highest values on day 2 and day 6, respectively. The activities of CAT of A. lancea from Yingshan and Xinyang reached the highest value on day 2, while that from Jurong was the highest on day 4 and showed longest upward cycle and greatest maximum. The malondialdehyde （MDA） and proline （Pro） contents showed a rising trend, and were significantly higher than those in control group on day 7. （2） Along with prolonging of waterlogging stress, the net photosynthetic rate （P,）,stomatal conductance （Gs）, transpiration rate （Tr） and stomatal limitation （Ls） decreased and were significantly lower than those in control group on day 7, but there was no obvious difference among the different site groups. （3） The maximum photochemical efficiency of PS I1 （ Fv/Fm ） and potential photochemical efficiency （Fv/Fo） decreased, and these two indexes from Jurong site were significantly higher than those from the other two sites. Waterlogging stress had greater effects on the Fv/Fo than on the Fv/Fm. Actual photochemical efficiency of PS II （Fu＇/Fm＇） , electron transport rate （ETR） , photochemical quenching coefficient （qP） and non-photochemi- cal quenching coefficient （NPQ） increased in the earlier days and then declined with prolonging time. Each group＇ s Fv＇/Fm＇ and ETR reached the highest values on day 1; the qP and NPQ reached the highest values on day 1 for Yingshan and Xinyang site groups, but on day 3 for Ju- rong site group. The assessment of physiological indexes, photosynthesis parameters and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of A. lancea from the different sites using TOPSIS method indicated that the order of waterlogging-tolerance of A. lancea varieties was Jurong〉 Yingshan〉 Xinyang.