红火蚁蚁巢表层各虫态数量与蚁丘大小的关系

Correlation between the numbers of different Solenopsis invicta instars on nest surface layer and ant mound size

采用挖巢取样法调查广州市番禺区6个地点的红火蚁蚁巢表层各虫态数量,分析各虫态数量与蚁丘大小的相互关系。结果表明,在调查的180个蚁巢中,占蚁巢总数57.78%的红火蚁蚁丘体积<5000 cm^3,占蚁巢总数20.56%的红火蚁蚁丘体积介于5000~10000 cm^3,占蚁巢总数21.67%的红火蚁蚁丘体积>10000 cm^3;占蚁巢总数32.78%的红火蚁蚁巢蚁丘表面基部面积<500 cm^2,占蚁巢总数42.78%的红火蚁蚁巢蚁丘表面基部面积在500~1000 cm^2,占蚁巢总数24.44%的红火蚁蚁巢蚁丘表面基部面积>1000 cm^2。平均1cm^3有效蚁丘体积中有3头红火蚁,1 cm^2蚁丘表面基部面积有22头红火蚁。红火蚁各虫态数量和蚁群总数均明显地随着蚁丘体积和表面基部面积的增大而增大,工蚁数量与蚁丘体积及表面基部面积的正相关性较其他虫态强;红火蚁数量与蚁丘体积的相关性强于该蚁数量与蚁丘表面基部面积的相关性。

Solenopsis invicta is one of the most devastative invasive pests. In order to clarify the correlation between the numbers of different S. invicta instars on nest surface layer and ant mound size, 180 nests from six sites in Panyu, Guangzhou were investigated by digging method. The results demonstrated that in terms of mound volume, 57.78% of the nests were less than 5000 cm3, 20.56% between 5000 and 10000 cma, and 21.67% greater than 10000 cm3. In terms of mound surface layer base area, 32.78% of the nests were less than 500 cm2, 42.78% between 500 and 1000 cm2, 24.44% and greater than 1000 cm2. For an area of 1 cm2 mound layer base and a volume of 1 cm3 mound, there were 3 and 22 ants, respectively. The number of each instar and total population increased with the increase of mound volume and mound surface base area. The positive correlations of the number of worker ants with the mound volume and the mound surface layer base area were more obvious than that of any other instars of S. invicta. The correlation of the amount of S. invicta with the mound volume was better than that with the mound surface layer base area.