试论网络数据本地化立法的正当性

Analysis on the Justification of Cyber Data Localization Legislation

数据本地化立法是针对跨境数据流动给网络安全带来的潜在威胁,通过立法的手段禁止、限制本国数据向别国传输,其正当性存在广泛争议;温纳的信息技术政治哲学思想为数据本地化立法正当性提供了哲学基础,从总体国家安全观理念出发,数据本地化立法由于在保障国民安全、政治安全、便利执法和促进经济发展的重要作用,具有正当性的现实基础;数据本地化立法的国际经验告诫我们,只有立足中国面临的现实基础,才能做出最适合的数据本地化立法模式选择;中国目前网络数据安全形势复杂,在网络安全法中进行数据本地化建设时应当坚持安全与发展并重的立法原则,针对不同数据的安全性要求差异,妥善规定数据本地化的标准,并审慎确定数据本地化义务主体范围。

Data localization legislation is putting up barriers to the free flow of data across borders via legislation. So far it is controversial. Winner＇s theory provides the philosophical foundation for the justification of data localization. From the perspective of overall national security,data localization legislation would be critical to citizen security,political security,law enforcement and economic development. Meanwhile,given the experience of several nations,the best legislative mode of data localization should be tailored with China＇ s own situation. China is in a complicated cyber security situation,when the regulations on data localization is underway,we should try to equalize security and development,and choose the appropriate subject of obligation,scope and mode of data localization.