飞机作战生存力分析方法研究进展与挑战

Analysis method of aircraft combat survivability:Progress and challenge

军用飞机在执行作战任务过程中,常常会与武器系统遭遇,如何分析其生存能力从而进行改进设计一直是航空领域的研究难点。回顾了作战生存力研究的历史与现状,从敏感性计算和易损性计算两方面总结了生存力的定量分析方法,重点综述了基本信号探测敏感性模型、雷达对抗下的敏感性模型、红外对抗下的敏感性模型,以及部件间弹道遮挡关系确定、部件毁伤测度与判据、重叠及高维空间易损性计算、薄弱部位确定方法等方面取得的新进展。在此基础上,针对未来体系对抗与先进武器环境,提出了生存力研究需要关注和解决的问题,包括网络与信息战下的敏感性分析、敏感性对抗装置的效益代价与权衡设计、部件易损性毁伤机理与判据、先进武器及多因素耦合下的易损性分析以及大数据背景下的性能降级易损性研究等。

Military aircraft always encounters the weapon systems when performing its combat mission. Survivability analy- sis for aircraft design improvements has become a hot topic in aeronautical field. The research history and current advances are reviewed in this paper. The quantitative analysis methods of survivability are summarized from two aspects, susceptibili- ty and vulnerability. Attentions are paid to the following research process including detection susceptibility models of typical signal sources, susceptibility models under the radar countermeasures, susceptibility assessment methods under the infrared countermeasures; and determining the shielding or masking relationships among components, component kill criteria and metrics, vulnerability computation methods for shielding components and high-dimensional states, method for finding the most vulnerable regions or components, et al. Furthermore, considering the system-of-system combat and advanced weapon sys- tem in the future, the problems of survivability assessment deserving further investigations are proposed, such as the suscep- tibility assessment method under the Network Centric Warfare, payoff and trade studies for selection of susceptibility coun- termeasures and devices, the damage mechanism and kill criteria of vulnerable components, vulnerability assessment meth- od under advanced weapons and the coupling of multiple damage mechanisms, degraded states vulnerability analysis under the context of big data, and so on.