面向机舰适配的舰载飞机起降特性分析

Carrier suitability-oriented launch and recovery characteristics of piloted carrier-based aircraft

机舰适配性是舰载飞机总体设计的核心内容之一,通常包括性能适配和保障适配两部分,是舰载飞机总体设计特有的阶段;其内涵是指舰载飞机充分、高效利用航母的特性,使用其设备和装置的固有能力。以舰载飞机的使用环境为切入点,定义了有人驾驶陆基飞机改舰载机设计所需考虑的机舰适配的诸多方面;以滑跃起飞/拦阻着舰型舰载机为实例,突出性能适配,对滑跃起飞和拦阻着舰的过程进行物理分解,探求舰机以及环境参数对其性能的影响,建立了相关性能的计算方法,并结合国外典型航母的数据进行了计算分析,定量评估了甲板风对滑跃起飞和拦阻着舰的作用。同时,从保证着舰安全性的角度给出了建议的着舰方式、标准拦阻程序和安全逃逸的最短甲板长度需求。最后,给出了滑跃起飞/拦阻着舰飞机设计的关注点。

Carrier suitability is a particular integral of carrier-based aircraft design including two items, aircraft performance compatibility and shipborne supportability. Its essential refers to the inherent capabilities of carrier-based aircraft to utilize fully and efficiently the characteristics, facilities and equipment of the carrier. Starting from the analyses of carrier-based aircraft operational environments, the items for a good carrier suitability is first defined at home in this paper. After that, based on the situations of making the land-based aircraft compatible with ski-jump and arresting devices, focusing on the flight performance the process of recovery and launch is physically described, which is identified as two phases： flat deck run and cured deck run, and the quantitated effects of wind over deck on the take-off and landing based on the data from for- eign aircraft carrier. Meanwhile, from the viewpoint of safe recovery, landing pattern, standardized recovery procedure and the minimum length for aircraft bolter are all proposed. A last section is devoted to the relevant items concerning ski-jump and catapult launch aircraft served for aircraft carrier.