181例氟喹诺酮类药物药品不良反应文献分析

Literature Analysis of Adverse Drug Reactions Induced by Fluoroquinolone in 181 cases

目的了解氟喹诺酮类药物的药品不良反应(ADR)发生规律,为临床合理用药服务。方法检索中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)中有关氟喹诺酮类药物引起ADR的文献(检索时间1994年至2014年),筛选收集其致ADR的案例报告,按年龄、性别、原患疾病、发生时间、累及器官或系统、治疗措施等进行汇总、分析。结果引发ADR的氟喹诺酮类药物共有12种,以第3代、4代氟喹诺酮类药物为主;居前3位的是左氧氟沙星(27.07%)、环丙沙星(14.36%)、莫西沙星(12.71%)。其中60岁以上老人发生占34.81%;0.5 h以内发生占32.04%;累及器官/系统涉及全身各大系统,最常见的ADR为中枢及神经系统损害(27.07%)、全身性损害(21.55%)、皮肤及其附件损害(15.47%)。结论氟喹诺酮类药物导致的ADR涉及广泛,有些甚至较严重,如过敏性休克,临床应引起重视,积极推进该类药物合理使用。

Objective To understand the adverse reaction of fluoroquinolones,and to explore its occurrence for rational drug use in clinic service. Methods The ADR literature causes related fluoroquinolones in CNKI（ 1994- 2014） were searched, the case reports of ADR induced by fluoroquinolones were screened and collected and were summarized and analyzed according to age, sex, primary disease, occurrence time, organs or systems as well as the treatment measures involved. Results There were a total of 12 species of fluoroquinolones causing ADR,which were mainly the third and the fourth generation of fluoroquinolone drugs; the top three were levofloxacin（ 27. 07%）, ciprofloxacin（ 14. 36%）, and moxifloxacin（ 12. 71%）. Age mainly focused on 60 years old（ 34. 81%）; occurred in less than0. 5 h（ 32. 04%）; the involved organs system relates to each big systems of the body,with the most common ADR in the central nervous system（ 27. 07%）,systemic damage（ 21. 55%）,skin and its accessories baseddamage（ 15. 47%）. Conclusion The adverse reactions induced by fluoroquinolones are broad,and some are even very serious,such as anaphylactic shock. Clinical attention should be on this situation, and the majority of clinicians and pharmacists should be closely monitoredand actively promote the rational use of fluoroquinolones clinical.