《美国万花筒》中的人机互渗现象

Human-machine Inter-permeability in Americana

评论界对唐·德里罗第一部小说《美国万花筒》的主人公大卫·贝尔的主体身份问题有两种截然相反的看法。文章从贝尔身份问题的二重性切入,结合学界有关人机/技关系问题的讨论,通过分析主人公大卫·贝尔与小说中占据重要位置的电视和摄影机等现代媒介机器的关系特征,认为贝尔的主体身份问题之所以引起两种对立的解读,是因为后现代文化环境下人机互动变得深刻复杂,并进而提出《美国万花筒》捕捉并呈现了人机关系发展的一个新阶段—人机互渗,理解和把握后现代文化环境下人机互渗现象是理解德里罗小说另类主体重建的前提。

There are double-readings about the subjectivity of David Bell the hero of Don De Lillo＇s first novel Americana. It is held in this article that the double-readings result from the profound and complicated interplay between human and technology/machine against the backdrop of postmodern cultural environment. Based on the discussions about the essence of the relationship between human and machine, the article makes an analysis of such media machine as television and camera which function as more than mere material objects and concludes that De Lillo captures in Americana a kind of phenomenal human-machine inter-permeability, a new development of human-machine relationship. The new human-machine relationship is the premise on which the postmodern subjectivity is to be reconstructed against the postmodern society.