论蜀汉南中变乱中的势力均衡问题

Power Equilibrium on Turmoil in Nanzhong Area of Shu Han

南中变乱的性质并非是简单的反蜀叛乱,而是"叛"与"乱"的结合,即民族冲突、反蜀动乱、割据叛乱、动荡战乱相交织的复杂事件。反蜀的高定、雍闿、朱褒等势力并未协同行动,而是各自具有相对独立性。南中五郡在此次变乱中呈现出不同的态势,这是蜀汉中央、地方官吏、大姓、夷帅、孙吴五大政治势力博弈的结果,这种博弈是南中变乱的内因。蜀汉前期旨在直接统治南中各郡所进行的内郡化尝试,则是变乱的外因。刘备病亡是南中变乱全面爆发的导火线。

The nature of the turmoil in Nanzhong area is not only insurgency but also chaos. It is a complex event,which includes ethnic conflict,unrest against Shu Han,separatists＇ rebellion and war chaos.Gao Ding,Yong Kai and Zhu Bao did not take a unified action against Shu Han,rather they acted individually. The five prefectures in Nanzhong area showed different situations,which is the result of the game of the five political forces,namely central government of Shu Han,local officials of Nanzhong area,powerful families,minority leaders and Sun Wu. This is the internal cause of the turmoil in Nanzhong area. The attempt of the inner prefecture in Nanzhong area in early Shu Han is the external cause. After Liu Bei died,the turmoil in Nanzhong area broke out completely.