江西省农村常住与外出人群慢性病患病率动态变化分析

Analysis of Dynamic Changes in the Prevalence of Chronic Diseases in Permanent Residents and Migrant Residents in Jiangxi Rural Areas

目的了解在城镇化背景下江西省农村常住与外出人群慢性病患病率动态变化趋势,分析慢性病患病影响因素。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样选取研究对象,于2006、2008、2010、2012年和2014年对江西省芦溪县、修水县和婺源县开展五次入户调查,结果经加权进行纵向对比研究,并分析影响农村常住人群患慢性病的因素。结果调查加权后历年常住人群占总人口比例依次为65.92%、68.36%、64.31%、76.04%、72.02%,不同年份外出人群与常住人群人数比较,差异有统计学意义（χ2=61 118.11,P〈0.001）。不同年份外出人群与常住人群年龄分布比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.001）。常住人群老年人口比例较高,65~岁人口均超过10%,外出人群主要集中在5~44岁。不同年份外出人群半年内慢性病患病率低于常住人群,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.001）。同一年份常住人群不同年龄半年内慢性病患病率比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.001）;其中2006、2012年和2014年65~岁慢性病患病率均高于同一年份其他年龄段慢性病患病率（P〈0.05）。同一年龄段不同年份常住人群半年内慢性病患病率比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.001）;其中35~岁常住人群2012年慢性病患病率均低于其他年份,55~岁常住人群2014年慢性病患病率均高于2006年、2008年和2012年（P〈0.05）。55~岁外出人群不同年份慢性病患病率比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、文化程度、吸烟是影响农村常住人群患有慢性病的因素（P〈0.05）。结论城镇化背景下,江西省农村地区常住人群高年龄段人数所占比例较高,且慢性病患病率与年龄、文化程度、吸烟有关,需加强农村地区慢性病的防治力度。

Objective To investigate the dynamic changes in the prevalence of chronic diseases in permanent residents and migrant residents in Jiangxi rural areas under the background of urbanization. Methods Using multistage stratified cluster sampling method, we undertook household survey in Luxi County, Xiushui County and Suiyuan County in Jiangxi Province in 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012 and 2014. After the survey results were weighted, lengthwise contrast research was conducted, and influencing factors for the prevalence of chronic diseases in rural permanent residents were analyzed. Results After the survey results were weighted, the proportions of permanent residents in the total population were 65.92%, 68.36%, 64. 31%, 76.04% and 72. 02% in the five years respectively, and the comparison between the number of migrant residents and that of permanent residents among different years showed significant differences （X2 =61 118. ll, P 〈0. 001 ）. In each year, the age distribution of migrant residents was significantly different from that of permanent residents （ P 〈 0.0（31 ）. Among the permanent residents, the population no younger than 65 years old accounted for more than 10%, and migrant residents were mainly aged from 5 to 44 years old. In each year, the half - year prevalence rate of chronic diseases of migrant residents was lower than that of permanent residents （P 〈 0. 001 ）. In each year, among permanent residents, different age groups were significantly different in the half - year prevalence rate of chronic diseases （ P 〈 0. 001 ） ; in 2006, 2012 and 2014, the prevalence rate of chronic diseases of patients older than 65 years old was higher than that of other age groups （P 〈 0. 05 ）. In each age group, the half -year prevalence of chronic diseases showed significant differences among different years （P 〈 0. 001 ）; among permanent residents aged no less than 35, the prevalence of chronic diseases of 2012 was lower （P 〈 0. 05 ） than that of other years, and among the residents aged no less than 55 years old i the prevalence rate of chronic diseases of 2014 was higher （P 〈 0. 05 ） than that of 2006, 2008 and 2012. Among residents aged no less than 55 years old, the prevalence of chronic diseases showed significant differences among different years （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, degree of education and smoking were influencing factors for the chronic disease in the permanent residents of rural residents （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion Under the influence of urbanization, the permanent residents in Jiangxi rural areas are in high proportion. The prevalence of chronic diseases is related with age, degree of education and smoking, and the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases in rural areas should be strengthened.