新疆地区乳腺癌危险因素调查研究

Investigation on risk factors for breast cancer in Xinjiang

目的分析新疆地区维吾尔族和汉族女性乳腺癌的危险因素,并针对不同民族乳腺癌的危险因素提供指导或干预依据。方法采用1∶1病例对照配对研究,选择新疆地区女性乳腺癌患者400例(维吾尔族和汉族各200例)、健康对照400例(维吾尔族和汉族各200例)进行统一问卷调查,用卡方检验和Logistic回归模型分析乳腺癌的危险因素。结果 Logistic回归分析结果显示,服用含雌激素的保健品、常吃鸡肉和烤肉(≥250 g/周)和乳腺良性疾病史是汉族乳腺癌发生的高危因素(P<0.05,OR>1),初潮年龄晚(>12岁)、哺乳、饮酒(≥8 g/周)和参加体育活动是其保护因素(P<0.05,OR<1);生产次数多(>2次)、教育程度高(>高中)、乳腺良性疾病史和乳腺癌家族史是维吾尔族乳腺癌发生的高危因素(P<0.05,OR>1),初潮年龄晚(>12岁)、哺乳和参加体育活动等是其保护因素(P<0.05,OR<1)。结论新疆地区维吾尔族和汉族间女性乳腺癌的危险因素存在差异,分析两者的相关高危因素,可为新疆地区乳腺癌人群制定合理的、个体化的预防策略提供依据。

Objective To analyze the risk factors of female breast cancer between Uyghur and Han nationalities in Xinjiang, and to provide guidance or intervention based on risk factors of different nationalities. Methods By adopting 1 ： 1 case-control matched study, it conducted unified questionnaire investigation among selected 400 woman patients with breast cancer（200 Uygbur and 200 Han patients respectively） , and 400 health control women（ 200 Uygbur and 200 Han women respectively） , and the risk factors for breast cancer were evaluated by the way of univariateX2 statsistic analysis and binary Logistic regression analysis. Results Multivariate analy- sis showed that taking estrogen-containing health products, frequent chicken and roast meat take （ ≥ 250 g/week） and benign breast disease history were risk factors for Han patients with breast cancer（P〈0.05, OR〉 1 ） ; while older age at menarche（ 〉 12 years old）, breast-feed, consumption of alcohol（≥8 gram per week） and physical exercise were protective factors（P〈0. 05, OR〈 1 ）. Pregnancy times （ 〉twice）, educational background（ 〉high school） , benign breast disease history and breast cancer family history were risk factors for Uyghur patients（ P〈0.05, OR〉 1 ） ; while older age at menarche（ 〉 12 years old）, breast-feed, and physical exercise were protec- tive factors（P〈0.05, OR〈1）. Conclusion There are differences in risk factors for breast cancer between Uyghur and Hart nationali- ties in Xinjiang. Study on those risk factors can provide references for reasonable, individual prevention strategy.