堆肥处理对秸秆纤维加工性能的影响

Influence of composting treatment on the processing performance of straw fiber

以秸秆腐熟剂(处理Ⅰ)、腐熟堆肥(处理Ⅱ)为添加剂,采用堆肥处理法改性水稻秸秆纤维的加工性能。结果表明:采用处理Ⅰ、Ⅱ和不加添加剂堆肥处理(处理Ⅲ)后,秸秆堆体的平均温度分别为39.5、43.7和35.5℃,堆积角、压缩率、抹刀角和均匀度降低;Carr流动性指数评价法表明,处理Ⅱ的秸秆纤维粉为易于流动,处理Ⅰ的秸秆纤维粉为一般流动,处理Ⅲ和未对秸秆纤维堆肥处理(处理Ⅳ)的秸秆纤维粉为不易流动;堆肥处理提高了秸秆纤维的塑性和表观黏度,处理Ⅰ和处理Ⅱ的秸秆纤维的塑化峰增加、粒径和纤维间摩擦阻力变大、常温压缩性降低;处理Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ的秸秆纤维质量残留率分别为39.4%、49.4%、33.5%和31.9%,秸秆纤维热稳定性提高。堆肥处理改善了秸秆纤维的加工性能,为秸秆纤维的加工利用提供了一种预处理方法。

To improve the processing performance of straw fiber,the straw was treated by composting.The straw inoculant（Ⅰ）and mature compost（Ⅱ）were added as inoculants to accelerate the process in natural conditions.The processing performances of straw with different treatment were analyzed.The results showed that the average temperature ofⅠ,and Ⅲ（blank）was 39.5℃,43.7℃,and 35.5℃,respectively.The surface of straw fiber was also changed as result of composting process.The accumulated angle,compression ratio,scoop angle and uniformity of straw fiber decreased with treatment.According to Carr-evaluation method,the treatmentⅠ was easily flow,treatmentⅡ was general flow,treatmentⅢ and Ⅳ were difficult flow.The plastic property and apparent viscosity were improved.The plasticizing peak of treatmentⅠ and Ⅱincreased because the decomposing of cellulose and hemicelluloses.However,the compressibility ofⅠ,Ⅱ,andⅢwas decreased at room temperature.The residual mass ratio ofⅠ,Ⅱ,ⅢandⅣ were 39.4%,49.4%,33.5%,and 31.9%.The treatment of composting was an environmental protection method for improve the flow characteristies of straw fiber.