环境司法主流化的两大法宝:环境司法专门化和环境资源权利化

Two Magic Weapons of Environmental Justice:Specialization of Environmental Justice and the Right of Environmental Resources

当前,在我国的生态文明法治体系中,司法"怯场"和缺位的问题特别突出,亟待破解。通过环境司法专门化,特别是环境法庭的建设,可以为日益增加的环境案件提供专门的司法"平台",有利于提升环境司法裁判的专业性、效能性和统一性,但另一方面,却无法解决无入起诉、无案可审、"等米下锅"的问题。对此,通过环境资源权利化,确认环境权,落实国家自然资源所有权,以环境权和国家自然资源所有权为权利基础,授予公民、环保组织、自然资源资产管理机关和检察机关提起环境公益诉讼的资格,可以为环境司法提供强劲的原告和强大的战线,从而化解环境司法专门化"等米下锅"的尴尬。环境司法专门化和环境资源权利化是环境司法的两大法宝,但只有二者双管齐下、齐头并进,才能有力地推动我国的环境司法走出困境,真正实现环境司法的主流化。当前,环境权法律化的工作特别滞后,应作为工作中的重中之重。

At present,in the legal system of China's ecological civilization,judicial 'stage fright' and absence is a particular problem to be solved.Specialized environmental justice,especially the construction of the environment court,can provide special judicial 'platform' for increasing environmental cases,and is conducive to enhancing the environmental judicial professionalism,effectiveness and unity.But on the other hand,it can not solve the problems of no prosecution,no case to trial,and 'awaiting rice to cook'.In this regard,the environmental right,implement of the state ownership of natural resources,and granting citizens,environmental organizations,natural resources assets management authorities and the prosecution of environmental public interest litigation,can provide strong plaintiff and powerful front for environmental justice,thus resolving 'awaiting rice to cook' embarrassing of specialized environmental justice.Environmental judicial specialization and the right of environmental resources are the two magic weapons of environmental justice.At present,the legalization of environmental rights is lagging behind,which should be regarded as the most important.