德国的兴衰与沉浮:从历史到未来

The Ups and Downs of Germany: From History to the Future

研究德国历史演进中的要素是一个重要的命题。在古代,德国没有经历深度的罗马化;在中世纪,德国延续了千年的政治分裂;德国的帝国模式带有家族统治的特点,常常打着帝国的名号"以权谋私";德国的人民力量强大,常常在关键时刻起着中流砥柱的作用。德国历史发展中的经验教训值得重视,籍此可以加深我们对于德国的认识;同时,还要认识到德国的要素一直影响着德国历史的发展,无论是对德国宗教改革,还是对当今的德国的变迁。分析德国发展模式的特点和局限性,也能够辨别德国与英国、法国发展进程中的差异,加深对德国独特发展道路的认识,具有很强的现实意义。

The elements of the German historical evolution are an important research topic. In ancient times, Germany did not experience a deep Romanization process; in the Middle Ages, its one thousand years long political division continued; the German Empire was characterized by family rule, and often ＂abused power for personal gains＂ in the name of the Empire; the German people were strong, and often played a mainstay role at the critical moments. We should pay attention to the experience and lessons in the German historical process, so as to deepen our understanding of Germany. Meanwhile, we should also recognize that the German elements have always had a great influence on the development of the German history, including both the German Reformation and the contemporary changes in Germany. By analyzing the characteristics and limitations of the German development model, people are able to identify the differences between Germany and the UK and France in terms of their development process. Deepening understanding of the unique development path of Germany has strong practical significance.