长沙市专科护生实习前心理韧性及其影响因素研究

Status of resilience of college nursing students in Changsha before practice and its influencing factors

目的 :调查专科护生实习前心理韧性状况,并分析其影响因素。方法 :采用一般资料调查问卷、青少年心理韧性量表、简易应对方式问卷、一般自我效能感量表、焦虑自评量表和社会支持评定量表对146名实习前专科护生进行调查。结果 :专科护生实习前心理韧性总分为(92.86±10.39)分,条目均分为(3.44±0.39)分,处于高水平,其中积极认知得分最高,其条目均分为(3.91±0.72)分。多元线性回归分析显示,应对方式、一般自我效能、社会支持、家庭月收入、独生子女情况和焦虑状态为心理韧性的预测因子(P<0.05),可解释49.7%的变异。结论 :学校、家庭及教学医院要持续评估护生心理状态,对于心理韧性较低的护生通过给予更多有效的社会支持,提升其积极应对方式和自我效能感,降低焦虑状态来提高其心理韧性水平,从而使护生更加顺利、积极地度过临床实习阶段。

Objective： To investigate the resilience status of college nursing students before practice and analyze its influencing factors. Methods： A total of 146 nursing students before the internship were investigated by general information questionnaire, Adolescent Mental Resilience Scale（RSCA）, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire（SCSQ）, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale（SAS）, General Self Efficacy Scale（GSES） and Social Support Rating Scale（SRSS）. Results： The total score of nursing students＇ resilience was（92.86±10.39） before the internship and average score was（3.44±0.39）, it was at the mid upper level. The highest dimension was positive cognitive with average score（3.91±0.72）. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that active coping style, general self efficacy, social support, the one-child cases, family income and anxiety level were the predictors of resilience（P〈0.05）, explaining 49.7% of the total variance. Conclusion： Schools, families and teaching hospitals need to continuously evaluate nursing students＇ psychological state before the internship and strengthen their resilience by reducing anxiety and enhancing positive coping to help them finish their clinical practice smoothly.